description Zircon Overview
Zircon is a naturally occurring mineral composed mainly of zirconium silicate, with the chemical formula ZrSiO4. It crystallizes in the tetragonal system and commonly forms durable crystals in igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks, and sedimentary deposits. Transparent varieties can be cut as gemstones and may show strong brilliance because of their refractive properties. Zircon is also important to geologists because trace uranium and lead in its structure can support radiometric dating of rocks.
help Zircon FAQ
Is zircon the same as cubic zirconia?
No, zircon is a natural mineral with the formula ZrSiO4 and a tetragonal crystal structure. Cubic zirconia is a manmade zirconium oxide material used as a diamond simulant. [US Geological Survey](https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/zirconium-and-hafnium-statistics-and-information)
Why are blue zircons popular?
Zircon naturally occurs in colors including brown, red, green, yellow, orange, and blue, and many blue stones are heat-treated. Zircon is also one of the recognized December birthstones, alongside turquoise and tanzanite. [GIA](https://www.gia.edu/zircon?lang=en)
Is zircon durable enough for jewelry?
Zircon has a Mohs hardness ranging from about 6 to 7.5, so it is reasonably durable but can abrade with rough daily wear. GIA recommends avoiding harsh activities and cleaning it with mild soap, warm water, and a soft brush. [GIA](https://www.gia.edu/birthstones/december-birthstones)
Why do geologists study zircon crystals?
Some Australian zircons are about 4.4 billion years old, making them important records of early Earth. Trace uranium in zircon can support radiometric dating, which is why the mineral is often described as a geological clock. [GIA](https://www.gia.edu/zircon?lang=en)
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