swap_horiz Charles Pravaz Alternatives

1

Alexander Graham Bell

Alexander Graham Bell was a Scottish-born inventor whose 1876 U.S. telephone patent helped launch practical voice commun...

Audio Communication 19TH Century Telephone

9.2 Excellent

2

Henry Bessemer

Henry Bessemer was an English engineer whose 1856 Bessemer process made large-scale, low-cost steel production possible...

19TH Century Steel Industrial British

8.9 Great

3

Gertrude B. Elion

Gertrude B. Elion was an American pharmacologist who co-developed drugs such as 6-mercaptopurine and shared the 1988 Nob...

American 20TH Century Medical Drugs

8.8 Great

4

Samuel Morse

Samuel Morse was an American painter and inventor who co-developed Morse code and sent a public telegraph message from W...

Communication American 19TH Century Code

8.7 Great

5

George Westinghouse

George Westinghouse was an American inventor and industrialist who promoted alternating-current power systems in the Uni...

American 19TH Century Electric Railway

8.7 Great

6

Alfred Nobel

Alfred Nobel was a Swedish chemist and inventor who patented dynamite in 1867 and left his fortune to establish the Nobe...

Chemistry 19TH Century Swedish Dynamite

8.7 Great

7

Joseph Marie Jacquard

Joseph Marie Jacquard was a French weaver whose 1801 Jacquard loom used punched cards to automate complex textile patter...

French 19TH Century Textile Loom

8.7 Great

8

Gottlieb Daimler

Gottlieb Daimler was a German engineer who helped create a high-speed petrol engine in 1885, a key step toward modern mo...

German Engine 19TH Century Transport

8.6 Great

9

Jacques Cousteau

Jacques Cousteau was a French naval officer and explorer who co-developed the Aqua-Lung in 1943, opening scuba diving to...

French 20TH Century Diving Underwater

8.6 Great

10

Richard Trevithick

Richard Trevithick was a Cornish engineer who built high-pressure steam engines and ran an early steam locomotive in Wal...

Engine 19TH Century British Transport

8.5 Great

11

Ernst Boris Chain

Ernst Boris Chain was a German-born British biochemist who helped isolate and concentrate penicillin and shared the 1945...

20TH Century Medical Antibiotic German British

8.5 Great

12

Rene Laennec

Rene Laennec was a French physician who invented the stethoscope in Paris in 1816, creating a wooden tube for mediate au...

French 19TH Century Medical Diagnostics

8.5 Great

13

William T. G. Morton

William T. G. Morton was an American dentist who publicly demonstrated ether anesthesia at Massachusetts General Hospita...

American 19TH Century Medical Anesthesia

8.1 Great

14

Joseph Monier

Joseph Monier was a French gardener and inventor who patented reinforced concrete tubs and tanks in 1867, helping popula...

French 19TH Century Construction Materials

7.8 Good

15

Crawford Long

Crawford Long was an American physician who used ether anesthesia in Georgia in 1842 for surgery, years before ether's p...

American 19TH Century Medical Anesthesia

7.8 Good

16

Francois Hennebique

Francois Hennebique was a French engineer who patented a reinforced concrete building system in 1892 and promoted it int...

Engineering French 19TH Century Construction

7.7 Good

17

John Gorrie

John Gorrie was an American physician who patented an ice-making machine in 1851, an important step toward mechanical re...

American 19TH Century Medical Refrigeration

7.5 Good

18

Alexander Wood

Alexander Wood was a Scottish physician who devised a true hypodermic syringe with a hollow needle in 1853, helping esta...

19TH Century Medical Scottish Syringe

7.3 Good

19

Pierre Lallement

Pierre Lallement was a French mechanic who patented a pedal-driven velocipede in the United States in 1866, an early for...

French 19TH Century Pedal Transport

7.2 Good

20

Letitia Geer

Letitia Geer was an American nurse and inventor who patented a one-handed medical syringe in 1899, a step toward easier...

American 19TH Century Healthcare Medical

6.8 Fair