swap_horiz Frances Arnold Alternatives

1

John Bardeen

John Bardeen was a pioneering American physicist whose work fundamentally shaped modern electronics and our understandin...

Physics Academic Nobel Prize Innovative

9.0 Brilliant

2

J. J. Thomson

J. J. Thomson was a British physicist instrumental in developing atomic theory. His experiments with cathode rays led to...

Physics Academic England Nobel Prize

8.9 Excellent

3

Murray Gell-Mann

Murray Gell-Mann was a pioneering American physicist whose theoretical work fundamentally reshaped our understanding of...

Physics Academic Theoretical Physics Nobel Prize

8.9 Excellent

4

Thomas Hunt Morgan

Thomas Hunt Morgan was an American geneticist whose meticulous research on *Drosophila* (fruit flies) fundamentally resh...

Classic Academic Nobel Prize Biology

8.5 Excellent

5

Tsung-Dao Lee

Tsung-Dao Lee was a pioneering Chinese American theoretical physicist renowned for his significant contributions to part...

Physics Academic China Nobel Prize

8.4 Excellent

6

Willard Libby

Willard Libby was an American chemist whose groundbreaking work revolutionized scientific understanding. He pioneered ra...

Nobel Prize Chemistry Innovative 20TH Century

8.0 Excellent

7

Barry Sharpless

Barry Sharpless is a United States chemist renowned for pioneering “click chemistry.” This innovative approach to chemic...

Organic Academic Nobel Prize Chemistry

8.0 Excellent

8

Riccardo Giacconi

Riccardo Giacconi was an Italian-American astrophysicist whose research fundamentally shaped our understanding of the un...

Astronomy Academic Nobel Prize Italy

7.7 Very Good

9

Paul Lauterbur

Paul Lauterbur was an American chemist whose pioneering work fundamentally transformed medical imaging. His innovative a...

Nobel Prize Chemistry Medicine Innovative

7.7 Very Good

10

Carolyn Bertozzi

Carolyn Bertozzi is a pioneering biochemist whose research fundamentally changed how scientists investigate biological p...

Research Nobel Prize Chemistry Innovative

7.7 Very Good

11

Venkatraman Ramakrishnan

Venkatraman Ramakrishnan is a prominent structural biologist recognized for his groundbreaking work elucidating the intr...

India Nobel Prize Chemistry 21ST Century

7.7 Very Good

12

Akira Yoshino

Akira Yoshino is a Japanese materials scientist recognized for pioneering advancements in rechargeable batteries. His de...

Modern Academic Nobel Prize Chemistry

7.6 Very Good

13

Stanley Whittingham

Stanley Whittingham was a pioneering materials scientist born in the United Kingdom but working primarily in the United...

Nobel Prize Chemistry Innovative 21ST Century

7.5 Very Good

14

Christian Anfinsen

Christian Anfinsen was an American biochemist whose research fundamentally reshaped our understanding of protein structu...

Nobel Prize Chemistry 20TH Century Biochemistry

7.5 Very Good

15

George Beadle

George Beadle was a pioneering American biologist whose work fundamentally reshaped our understanding of genetics. He de...

Nobel Prize Biology Discovery 20TH Century

7.5 Very Good

16

John Clauser

John Clauser was a pioneering American physicist whose groundbreaking experiments significantly advanced our understandi...

Physics Academic Nobel Prize 21ST Century

7.5 Very Good

17

Melvin Calvin

Melvin Calvin was a pioneering American biochemist whose research fundamentally shaped our understanding of photosynthes...

Classic Research Academic Nobel Prize

7.5 Very Good

18

Robert Grubbs

Robert Grubbs is a pioneering American chemist recognized globally for his groundbreaking research in olefin metathesis...

Research Academic Nobel Prize Chemistry

7.4 Very Good

19

Paul Modrich

Paul Modrich is an American biochemist recognized for his groundbreaking research into cellular mechanisms of DNA repair...

Research Nobel Prize Chemistry 21ST Century

7.3 Very Good

20

Theodore William Richards

Theodore William Richards was a pioneering 20th-century American chemist renowned for his meticulous experimental work....

Academic Nobel Prize Chemistry 20TH Century

7.0 Very Good