swap_horiz Williamina Fleming Alternatives

1

S. Chandrasekhar

S. Chandrasekhar was an Indian American astrophysicist whose 1930 Chandrasekhar limit explained the maximum mass of stab...

Twentieth Century Black Holes Stellar Nobel

9.7 Brilliant

2

Dame Susan Jocelyn Bell Burnell

Dame Susan Jocelyn Bell Burnell is a Northern Irish astrophysicist who discovered the first radio pulsars as a Cambridge...

Modern Radio Women Pulsars

9.7 Brilliant

3

Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell

Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell is the Northern Irish scientist whose 1967 pulsar discovery opened a major field in radio astr...

Modern Radio Women Pulsars

9.7 Brilliant

4

Claudius Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemy was a Greco-Roman astronomer in Alexandria whose Almagest, written about 150 CE, formalized the geocent...

Ancient Geocentric Alexandria Catalogs

9.6 Brilliant

5

Bohdan Paczynski

Bohdan Paczynski was a Polish astronomer at Princeton University notable for his pioneering work on gravitational microl...

Polish Twentieth Century Gamma Rays Microlensing

9.6 Brilliant

6

Jan Oort

Jan Oort was a Dutch astronomer who established the Milky Way's rotation in the 1920s and proposed the distant comet res...

Dutch Twentieth Century Galactic Oort Cloud

9.4 Excellent

7

Dame Margaret Burbidge

Dame Margaret Burbidge was a British-American astrophysicist and first author of the 1957 B2FH paper explaining how star...

Twentieth Century Women Galaxies Nucleosynthesis

9.4 Excellent

8

Lyman Spitzer

Lyman Spitzer was an American astrophysicist who proposed a space telescope in 1946 and led work on plasma physics and i...

American Space Twentieth Century Interstellar

9.3 Excellent

9

Henry Norris Russell

Henry Norris Russell was an American astronomer who independently plotted stellar luminosity against spectral type in 19...

American Twentieth Century Stellar HR Diagram

9.2 Excellent

10

Willy Fowler

Willy Fowler was an American nuclear astrophysicist who shared the 1983 Nobel Prize for explaining how elements form ins...

Twentieth Century Nucleosynthesis Stellar Nobel

9.1 Excellent

11

Ewine van Dishoeck

Ewine van Dishoeck is a Dutch astrochemist at Leiden Observatory, awarded the 2018 Kavli Prize for work on molecules in...

Modern Women Star Formation Astrochemistry

9.1 Excellent

12

Vesto Slipher

Vesto Slipher was an American astronomer who measured spiral nebula redshifts from 1912, evidence later central to cosmi...

Twentieth Century Galaxies Spectroscopy Redshift

8.9 Great

13

Nancy Grace Roman

Nancy Grace Roman was an American astronomer and NASA executive known as the mother of Hubble for her role in creating t...

Space Twentieth Century Women Hubble

8.8 Great

14

Beatrice Tinsley

Beatrice Tinsley was a British-born New Zealand astronomer who modeled galaxy evolution and showed how stellar populatio...

Evolution Twentieth Century Women Galaxies

8.3 Great

15

Caroline Herschel

Caroline Herschel was a German-born British astronomer who discovered several comets and became a paid royal astronomer...

Women Comets Catalogs Eighteenth Century

8.2 Great

16

Edward Charles Pickering

Edward Charles Pickering was an American astronomer who directed Harvard College Observatory from 1877 and expanded phot...

Harvard Twentieth Century Catalogs Photometry

8.2 Great

17

Kent Ford

Kent Ford was an American astronomer and instrument builder whose spectrographs enabled Vera Rubin's galaxy rotation stu...

American Twentieth Century Dark Matter Spectroscopy

8.0 Great

18

Carolyn Shoemaker

Carolyn Shoemaker was an American astronomer who co-discovered Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 in 1993 and became a leading disco...

Planetary Twentieth Century Women Comets

7.9 Good

19

Andrea Dupree

Andrea Dupree is an American astrophysicist at the Center for Astrophysics Harvard and Smithsonian, noted for stellar ph...

Modern Women Spectroscopy Stellar

7.8 Good

20

Antonia Maury

Antonia Maury was an American astronomer at Harvard who developed a detailed stellar classification system published in...

Twentieth Century Women Classification Spectroscopy

7.3 Good