Aryabhata

Yes, in his major work the Aryabhatiya, composed around 499 CE, Aryabhata proposed that the Earth rotates on its axis daily, which was a radical departure from the prevailing geocentric view. He explained that the apparent movement of the stars was caused by this rotation rather than the rotation of a celestial sphere.

The Aryabhatiya is Aryabhata's surviving treatise on mathematics and astronomy, composed of 118 verses covering topics from algebra to planetary motion. It introduced the place-value decimal notation system, described methods for calculating square and cube roots, and included one of the earliest known approximations of pi as 3.1416.

Yes, India's first satellite was named 'Aryabhata' in his honor, and it was launched by ISRO in 1975 aboard a Soviet Kosmos-3M rocket. The satellite marked India's entry into space exploration and carried experiments to study X-ray astronomy and solar physics.

Aryabhata developed early versions of trigonometric functions including what we now call the sine table, and his methods for solving quadratic and indeterminate equations influenced both Indian and Islamic mathematics for centuries. His work on the place-value system also helped formalize the use of zero as a placeholder, which became foundational to modern arithmetic.