Codex Vaticanus

It is held at the Vatican Library in Rome, catalogued as Vaticanus Graecus 1209. It has been in the Vatican collection since at least the 15th century. It is considered one of the most valuable biblical manuscripts in the world.

It dates to the mid-fourth century AD, roughly contemporary with the Codex Sinaiticus, based on paleographic analysis. It is one of the oldest near-complete copies of the Greek Bible. Its exact provenance before the 15th century is uncertain.

It is one of the most important witnesses to the text of the Greek Old Testament, or Septuagint, and the New Testament. Its text type is often cited in critical editions of the Greek New Testament. It includes the deuterocanonical books.

High-resolution digital images of the manuscript are freely available online through the Vatican Library's digital library. Physical access to the original parchment is restricted to qualified scholars. A photographic facsimile was published in the 19th century by Cardinal Mai.