description Golden Horde Overview
The Golden Horde was the northwestern successor state of the Mongol Empire, established under Batu Khan in the thirteenth century and centered on the western Eurasian steppe. Its rulers exercised authority over a diverse population and required tribute from the principalities of Rus while participating in trade networks linking Europe, Central Asia, and the Islamic world. Over time its ruling elite became increasingly Turkic-speaking and Muslim, before the polity fragmented into several khanates.
help Golden Horde FAQ
Who founded the Golden Horde?
The Golden Horde was established in the thirteenth century by Batu Khan, a grandson of Genghis Khan. It functioned as the northwestern successor state of the Mongol Empire, centered on the western Eurasian steppe.
How did the Golden Horde maintain control over its territories?
The Horde's rulers exercised authority over a highly diverse population and extracted tribute from regional principalities, most notably the Russian states. This system allowed them to dominate the region without needing a massive standing occupation force.
Where was the Golden Horde located?
It was centered on the western Eurasian steppe, covering a massive expanse of territory in what is now Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan. The capital was initially located at Sarai, situated along the Volga River.
When did the Golden Horde exist?
The Golden Horde was established in the thirteenth century and dominated the region for several hundred years. It eventually fragmented into smaller khanates, such as the Khanate of Kazan and the Crimean Khanate, in the fifteenth century.
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