description Large Copper Overview
Lycaena dispar, commonly called the Large Copper, is a butterfly species in the family Lycaenidae. The nominate British subspecies became extinct in England around 1851, primarily due to the drainage of East Anglian fens that eliminated its wetland habitat. The continental European subspecies survives across parts of central and eastern Europe, where it breeds in damp meadows. Multiple attempts have been made to reintroduce the species to Britain using closely related continental stock, though these efforts have had limited long-term success.
insights Ranking position
Large Copper ranks #67 of 310 in the Butterfly ranking, behind Postman Butterfly, ahead of White Admiral.
help Large Copper FAQ
Why did the Large Copper become extinct in Britain?
The native British form disappeared in the 19th century after extensive drainage of the East Anglian fens. That habitat loss removed the great water dock wetlands required by its caterpillars.
Does the Large Copper still exist outside Britain?
Yes, Lycaena dispar survives in parts of continental Europe and Asia. Several regional subspecies occupy marshes, wet meadows, and other damp habitats.
What plant do Large Copper caterpillars eat?
The historic British population depended strongly on great water dock, Rumex hydrolapathum. Continental populations may use additional dock species in the genus Rumex.
Were attempts made to reintroduce the Large Copper to Britain?
Yes, conservationists attempted several reintroductions using continental butterflies during the 20th century. These projects struggled because suitable fen management and long-term habitat conditions were difficult to maintain.
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