description Long Valley Fumaroles Overview
Long Valley Fumaroles are hydrothermal vents located in California's Long Valley Caldera, a volcanic depression formed approximately 760,000 years ago during a massive eruption. These fumaroles release steam, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and other gases from the active geothermal system beneath the caldera. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) continuously monitors gas emissions and ground deformation in the area as part of the Long Valley Observatory, established to detect potential volcanic hazards. The most notable fumarolic activity occurs near Casa Diablo Hot Springs and along the caldera's resurgent dome.
help Long Valley Fumaroles FAQ
Where are the Long Valley Fumaroles located?
The fumaroles are situated within the Long Valley Caldera, a massive volcanic depression in eastern California. This area was formed by a supereruption approximately 760,000 years ago.
What gases do the Long Valley fumaroles emit?
These hydrothermal vents release a mixture of steam, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide into the air. The distinct rotten-egg smell often associated with the area is caused by this escaping hydrogen sulfide gas.
Are the fumaroles in Long Valley dangerous to visitors?
While many areas are safe, pockets of concentrated volcanic gases like carbon dioxide can be lethal to wildlife and humans. The Horseshoe Lake area in particular has seen widespread tree die-offs due to high levels of soil carbon dioxide.
Who monitors the volcanic activity at Long Valley?
The United States Geological Survey (USGS) actively monitors the Long Valley Caldera. They track gas emissions, ground deformation, and earthquake activity to assess potential volcanic hazards in the region.
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