Net-casting Spider (Deinopis subrufa)

The *Deinopis subrufa* weaves a small, rectangular silken net which it holds between its front four legs while hanging upside down. When an insect walks or flies below the spider, it rapidly stretches the net and throws it over the prey, entangling it instantly. This active hunting method is highly effective and unique compared to traditional stationary spider webs.

Net-casting spiders are frequently referred to as ogre-faced spiders due to their incredibly large, prominent posterior median eyes. These massive eyes give them a fearsome, monster-like facial appearance, despite their relatively harmless nature to humans. The oversized eyes are biologically necessary to gather enough light for their strictly nocturnal hunting habits.

The *Deinopis subrufa* species is native to Australia and can be commonly found along the eastern coast of the country. They prefer warm, humid environments and typically build their hunting frames in low bushes, trees, or along the exterior walls of houses. They are heavily camouflaged to look like dry twigs or bits of bark when resting during the day.

To hunt successfully at night, *Deinopis* spiders rely on their massive eyes, which are packed with highly sensitive photoreceptors. They actually perform a process called photoreceptor membrane turnover, shedding light-damaged membranes every morning and growing fresh, highly sensitive membranes each evening. This biological adaptation gives them incredible night vision, though it slowly degrades their retinas over time.