description Streamertail Overview
Endemic to Jamaica, the red-billed streamertail, Trochilus polytmus, is the hummingbird commonly associated with the island's national bird, the doctor bird. Adult males have iridescent green plumage, a dark head and two greatly elongated black tail feathers. These streamers trail behind the bird in flight and give it a silhouette quite unlike the compact outline of many other hummingbirds. Females lack the male's long tail ornaments.
Woodland and flower-rich gardens provide feeding habitat within its restricted island range. Nectar supplies much of its energy, while small arthropods contribute to its diet. Visits to flowers also make it a pollinator. The species is useful for understanding how hummingbird feeding, courtship and plumage relate to an island environment.
Its distinctive tail belongs to the male rather than being a feature shared equally by both sexes.
help Streamertail FAQ
Why is the Streamertail known as the doctor bird in Jamaica?
In Jamaican folklore, the bird is locally known as the "doctor bird" because its two long, black tail feathers resemble the long tailcoats historically worn by medical doctors. It holds a significant place in local culture and is even featured prominently on the country's currency.
What makes the male Streamertail's tail feathers unique?
The male Red-billed Streamertail possesses dramatically elongated, trailing tail feathers that stream far behind its body during flight. These feathers produce a characteristic whirring sound that plays a vital role in the bird's elaborate courtship displays.
Is the Streamertail endemic to a specific region?
Yes, the Streamertail is entirely endemic to the island of Jamaica. It thrives in the lush, mountainous rainforests and wooded areas of the island, where it feeds on native tropical flora.
What are the visual differences between the two types of Streamertails?
The two recognized species are the Red-billed Streamertail and the Black-billed Streamertail, which are largely separated by geography. The Red-billed species is found in most of Jamaica, while the Black-billed Streamertail is restricted to the far eastern end of the island and features a distinctly dark bill.
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