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Xenophon

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description Xenophon Overview

Xenophon was an ancient Greek soldier, historian, and writer who was associated with Socrates. His Anabasis recounts the expedition of Cyrus the Younger, the death of Cyrus, and the march of the Greek mercenaries known as the Ten Thousand back toward the Greek world. His Hellenica continues the narrative of Greek history after Thucydides, while works such as Memorabilia and Cyropaedia show his interest in philosophy, leadership, education, and political conduct.

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What is Xenophon's Anabasis about?

Anabasis recounts Cyrus the Younger's failed expedition to seize the Persian throne and the retreat of the Greek mercenaries known as the Ten Thousand. Xenophon participated in the expedition and wrote one of antiquity's best-known firsthand military narratives.

Who were the Ten Thousand in Xenophon's Anabasis?

The Ten Thousand were mainly Greek mercenaries recruited for Cyrus the Younger's campaign in the Persian Empire. After Cyrus died at the Battle of Cunaxa, they had to organize their own return toward the Greek world.

What is Hellenica by Xenophon?

Hellenica is Xenophon's history of Greek affairs covering roughly 411 to 362 BC. It continues the historical narrative of the Peloponnesian War and its aftermath.

Was Xenophon connected with Socrates?

Yes. Xenophon was associated with Socrates and wrote works such as Memorabilia that present Socratic conversations and ideas. He was also a soldier, military commander, and historian, making him unusually broad among ancient Greek writers.

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