swap_horiz Al-Sufi Alternatives

1

Philip James Edwin Peebles

Philip James Edwin Peebles is a Canadian-American cosmologist at Princeton, awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics for...

Modern Cosmology Nobel Cmb

9.8 Brilliant

2

S. Chandrasekhar

S. Chandrasekhar was an Indian American astrophysicist whose 1930 Chandrasekhar limit explained the maximum mass of stab...

Twentieth Century Black Holes Stellar Nobel

9.7 Brilliant

3

Dame Susan Jocelyn Bell Burnell

Dame Susan Jocelyn Bell Burnell is a Northern Irish astrophysicist who discovered the first radio pulsars as a Cambridge...

Modern Radio Women Pulsars

9.7 Brilliant

4

Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell

Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell is the Northern Irish scientist whose 1967 pulsar discovery opened a major field in radio astr...

Modern Radio Women Pulsars

9.7 Brilliant

5

Claudius Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemy was a Greco-Roman astronomer in Alexandria whose Almagest, written about 150 CE, formalized the geocent...

Ancient Geocentric Alexandria Catalogs

9.6 Brilliant

6

Bohdan Paczynski

Bohdan Paczynski was a Polish astronomer at Princeton University notable for his pioneering work on gravitational microl...

Polish Twentieth Century Gamma Rays Microlensing

9.6 Brilliant

7

Jan Oort

Jan Oort was a Dutch astronomer who established the Milky Way's rotation in the 1920s and proposed the distant comet res...

Dutch Twentieth Century Galactic Oort Cloud

9.4 Excellent

8

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi was a Persian astronomer who founded the Maragha observatory in 1259 and devised the Tusi couple ge...

Medieval Islamic Planetary Models

8.9 Great

9

Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel

Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel was a German astronomer who measured the first reliable stellar parallax, for 61 Cygni, in 1838...

Parallax Nineteenth Century Stars Astrometry

8.9 Great

10

Al-Battani

Al-Battani was a 9th-century Arab astronomer whose observations refined solar year length and influenced later European...

Medieval Solar Islamic Tables

8.8 Great

11

John Herschel

John Herschel was a British astronomer who surveyed southern skies from South Africa in the 1830s and cataloged nebulae...

Southern Nineteenth Century Catalogs Nebulae

8.8 Great

12

Ulugh Beg

Ulugh Beg was a Timurid ruler and astronomer who built the Samarkand observatory and compiled a major star catalog in th...

Medieval Observatory Samarkand Catalogs

8.6 Great

13

Ibn al-Shatir

Ibn al-Shatir was a 14th-century Syrian astronomer whose lunar and planetary models removed Ptolemy's equant while keepi...

Medieval Islamic Planetary Models

8.4 Great

14

Charles Messier

Charles Messier was a French astronomer whose 18th-century catalog listed nebulae and clusters to help comet hunters avo...

Comets Catalogs Eighteenth Century Nebulae

8.4 Great

15

Caroline Herschel

Caroline Herschel was a German-born British astronomer who discovered several comets and became a paid royal astronomer...

Women Comets Catalogs Eighteenth Century

8.2 Great

16

Edward Charles Pickering

Edward Charles Pickering was an American astronomer who directed Harvard College Observatory from 1877 and expanded phot...

Harvard Twentieth Century Catalogs Photometry

8.2 Great

17

Al-Zarqali

Al-Zarqali was an 11th-century Andalusian astronomer in Toledo known for improved astrolabes and influential planetary t...

Medieval Islamic Instruments Tables

8.1 Great

18

Johannes Hevelius

Johannes Hevelius was a Polish astronomer in Gdansk who published detailed lunar maps in 1647 and described several cons...

Polish Lunar Early Modern Catalogs

8.0 Great

19

Williamina Fleming

Williamina Fleming was a Scottish-American astronomer at Harvard who classified thousands of stars and discovered the Ho...

Twentieth Century Women Spectroscopy Catalogs

8.0 Great

20

John Flamsteed

John Flamsteed was England's first Astronomer Royal, appointed in 1675, and produced the Historia Coelestis Britannica s...

British Observational Early Modern Catalogs

7.9 Good