swap_horiz Kent Ford Alternatives

1

Lyman Spitzer

Lyman Spitzer was an American astrophysicist who proposed a space telescope in 1946 and led work on plasma physics and i...

American Space Twentieth Century Interstellar

9.3 Excellent

2

Henry Norris Russell

Henry Norris Russell was an American astronomer who independently plotted stellar luminosity against spectral type in 19...

American Twentieth Century Stellar HR Diagram

9.2 Excellent

3

Vesto Slipher

Vesto Slipher was an American astronomer who measured spiral nebula redshifts from 1912, evidence later central to cosmi...

Twentieth Century Galaxies Spectroscopy Redshift

8.9 Great

4

Robert Dicke

Robert Dicke was an American physicist who advanced tests of general relativity and helped motivate the 1965 search for...

American Cosmology Twentieth Century Cmb

8.9 Great

5

Gerry Neugebauer

Gerry Neugebauer was an American astronomer at Caltech notable for his pioneering work in infrared astronomy and leading...

American Infrared Twentieth Century Surveys

8.9 Great

6

Allan Sandage

Allan Sandage was an American astronomer who refined the Hubble constant and helped identify quasars while working at Mo...

American Cosmology Twentieth Century Distance Scale

8.8 Great

7

Harlow Shapley

Harlow Shapley was an American astronomer who used globular clusters in 1918 to place the Sun away from the Milky Way's...

American Twentieth Century Clusters Galactic

8.7 Great

8

Eugene Shoemaker

Eugene Shoemaker was an American geologist and planetary scientist who founded astrogeology and co-discovered Comet Shoe...

American Planetary Twentieth Century Impacts

8.7 Great

9

Icko Iben

Icko Iben was an American astrophysicist at the University of Illinois, known for stellar evolution theory and awarded t...

American Evolution Twentieth Century Stellar

8.7 Great

10

Robert Leighton

Robert Leighton was a prominent American physicist at Caltech noted for designing innovative telescopes and conducting e...

American Infrared Twentieth Century Surveys

8.7 Great

11

Robert Kraft

Robert Kraft was an American astronomer and former Lick Observatory director, known for the Kraft break in stellar rotat...

Modern American Spectroscopy Stellar

8.6 Great

12

Clyde Tombaugh

Clyde Tombaugh was an American astronomer who discovered Pluto at Lowell Observatory in Arizona in 1930 through photogra...

American Planetary Twentieth Century Pluto

8.3 Great

13

Martin Schwarzschild

Martin Schwarzschild was a German-American astrophysicist who modeled stellar evolution and led Stratoscope balloon tele...

American Evolution Twentieth Century Stellar

8.2 Great

14

Herbert Friedman

Herbert Friedman was an American physicist whose rocket experiments helped found solar X-ray astronomy and ultraviolet a...

American Solar Twentieth Century X Ray

8.1 Great

15

George Wallerstein

George Wallerstein was an American astronomer at the University of Washington, known for stellar abundance work and earl...

American Twentieth Century Stellar Abundances

8.1 Great

16

Joel Primack

Joel Primack is an American physicist at the University of California, Santa Cruz, notable for co-authoring the influent...

Modern American Cosmology Dark Matter

8.1 Great

17

Williamina Fleming

Williamina Fleming was a Scottish-American astronomer at Harvard who classified thousands of stars and discovered the Ho...

Twentieth Century Women Spectroscopy Catalogs

8.0 Great

18

George Herbig

George Herbig was an American astronomer known for Herbig-Haro objects and for identifying young intermediate-mass stars...

American Twentieth Century Stellar Star Formation

8.0 Great

19

Antonia Maury

Antonia Maury was an American astronomer at Harvard who developed a detailed stellar classification system published in...

Twentieth Century Women Classification Spectroscopy

7.3 Good

20

Halton Arp

Halton Arp was an American astronomer known for the 1966 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies and for controversial claims about q...

American Twentieth Century Galaxies Atlas

6.9 Fair