swap_horiz Paul Lazarsfeld Alternatives

American 20TH Century Functionalism Middle Range

Robert K. Merton

Robert K. Merton (1910–2003) was an American sociologist at Columbia University who coined the terms 'role model,' 'self...

American 20TH Century Stigma Micro Sociology

Erving Goffman

Erving Goffman (1922–1982) was a Canadian-American sociologist who founded dramaturgical analysis, portraying everyday s...

French 20TH Century Capital Field Theory

Pierre Bourdieu

Pierre Bourdieu (1930–2002) was a French sociologist who developed the concepts of cultural capital, habitus, and field,...

Communication German 20TH Century Systems Theory

Niklas Luhmann

Niklas Luhmann (1927–1998) was a German sociologist who developed social systems theory, arguing that society consists o...

American Education 20TH Century Social Capital

James Coleman

James S. Coleman was an American sociologist whose research addressed education, inequality, organizations, and rational...

20TH Century Historical German British Figurational

Norbert Elias

Norbert Elias was a German-born sociologist who lived from 1897 to 1990 and later became a British citizen. His major wo...

American 20TH Century Conflict Power Elite

C. Wright Mills

C. Wright Mills (1916-1962) was an American sociologist known for analyzing power, social structure, and the responsibil...

American 20TH Century Feminist Labor

Arlie Hochschild

Arlie Hochschild (born 1940) is an American sociologist at UC Berkeley who coined the term 'emotional labor' in The Mana...

American 20TH Century Urban Race

William Julius Wilson

William Julius Wilson is an American sociologist known for research on race, employment, urban inequality, and concentra...

20TH Century Identity Race Cultural Studies

Stuart Hall

Stuart Hall was a Jamaican-born British cultural theorist and sociologist whose work examined media, ideology, race, ide...

American 20TH Century Intersectionality Feminist

Patricia Hill Collins

Patricia Hill Collins (born 1948) is an American sociologist who developed intersectionality theory and Black feminist t...

American 20TH Century Historical Democracy

Barrington Moore Jr.

Barrington Moore Jr. was an American historical sociologist and political scholar known for comparative studies of socia...

American 20TH Century Criminology White Collar Crime

Edwin Sutherland

Edwin H. Sutherland was an American sociologist and criminologist whose work helped establish crime as a subject of syst...

French Space 20TH Century Marxist

Henri Lefebvre

Henri Lefebvre was a French Marxist philosopher and sociologist whose work examined everyday life, urbanization, and the...

American 20TH Century Structural Systems Theory

Talcott Parsons

Talcott Parsons (1902–1979) was an American sociologist at Harvard University who built structural functionalism into th...

American 20TH Century Phenomenology Micro Sociology

Harold Garfinkel

Harold Garfinkel (1917–2011) was an American sociologist who founded ethnomethodology, studying the tacit methods ordina...

20TH Century British Modernity Globalization

Anthony Giddens

Anthony Giddens, born in 1938, is a British sociologist whose structuration theory examines how human agency and social...

American 20TH Century Labeling Theory Deviance

Howard Becker

Howard S. Becker was an American sociologist whose work examined deviance, occupations, education, artistic production,...

German Global 20TH Century Reflexive Modernization

Ulrich Beck

German sociologist who introduced risk society theory in 'Risikogesellschaft' (1986), arguing that industrial modernity...