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Prisse Papyrus

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description Prisse Papyrus Overview

The Prisse Papyrus is an ancient Egyptian literary manuscript in the collection of the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris. Written in hieratic script, it preserves the conclusion of the Instruction of Kagemni and a version of the Maxims, or Instruction, of Ptahhotep, works belonging to the Egyptian wisdom-literature tradition. The surviving papyrus is generally assigned to the Middle Kingdom and is important to scholars studying Egyptian ethics, education, scribal culture, and literary transmission.

help Prisse Papyrus FAQ

What writings are preserved in the Prisse Papyrus?

It contains the conclusion of the Instruction of Kagemni and a copy of the Instruction of Ptahhotep. Both belong to the Egyptian wisdom-literature tradition of advice about conduct, speech, hierarchy, and self-control.

Is the Prisse Papyrus really the oldest book in the world?

It is often promoted as one of the oldest surviving literary manuscripts, but "oldest book" depends on how book and manuscript are defined. Its physical copy is generally associated with Egypt's Middle Kingdom, while the teachings claim or reflect older traditions.

Who was Ptahhotep in the papyrus?

Ptahhotep is presented as an aged vizier passing practical and moral instruction to a successor. The text advises restraint, careful listening, fair leadership, and respect for social order.

How did the Prisse Papyrus get its modern name?

It is named after Émile Prisse d'Avennes, the French Egyptologist who obtained it in Egypt. The papyrus is now held by the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris.

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