Best 14TH Century

Doge’s Palace is a significant 14th-century palace in Venice, Italy. It served as the residence of the Doge, the elected ruler of the Venetian Republic, and functioned as its primary government building. The palace's distinctive Venetian Gothic architecture and extensive collection of artwork make i...

Abraham Cresques was a 14th-century Jewish cartographer based in Majorca. He is best known for his creation of the Catalan Atlas (1375), a remarkably detailed map of the world at that time. This atlas provided one of the earliest and most comprehensive depictions of global geography, including route...

Kinkaku-ji, officially named Rokuon-ji, is a Zen Buddhist temple in northern Kyoto, Japan. The site is distinguished by its main pavilion, whose top two floors are entirely covered in pure gold leaf, exemplifying the Kitayama period of Japanese architecture. Originally constructed as a retirement vi...

The Palace of the Popes is a massive Gothic palace located in Avignon, France. It served as the seat of Western Christianity during the Avignon Papacy, hosting a succession of popes from 1309 to 1377. The structure is recognized as one of the largest and most important medieval Gothic buildings in E...

The Friday Mosque of Yazd, also known as the Jameh Mosque of Yazd, is a grand congregational mosque located in central Iran. Its main construction took place during the 14th century, reflecting a blend of earlier Ilkhanid and Timurid architectural styles. The structure is distinguished by its massiv...

The Catalan Atlas is an illuminated world map produced around 1375 and commonly attributed to the Majorcan Jewish cartographer Abraham Cresques and his workshop. Preserved at the Bibliothèque nationale de France, it combines Mediterranean portolan-chart conventions with geographical, political, comm...

The Royal Gold Cup is a lavishly decorated gold and enamel drinking vessel created in Paris around 1380–1390, standing over 23 centimeters tall. Its exterior is decorated with translucent basse-taille enamel scenes depicting the martyrdom of Saint Agnes, with additional scenes on the cover and foot....

The Codex Manesse, also called the Große Heidelberger Liederhandschrift, is an illuminated manuscript compiled in Zurich during the first half of the fourteenth century. Written in Middle High German, it preserves the largest surviving collection of Minnesang lyric poetry, arranging works by authors...

The Manesse Codex is a large illuminated anthology of Middle High German lyric poetry produced in Zurich during the early fourteenth century. Also known as the Große Heidelberger Liederhandschrift, it contains works attributed to numerous Minnesänger and organizes them broadly by social status. Full...

The Sultan Hassan Mosque stands as a significant example of 14th-century Mamluk architecture in Cairo, Egypt. Constructed between 1356 and 1363 by Sultan an-Nasir Hasan, it’s notable for its immense scale and elaborately designed portal. The mosque remains a vital historical site studied by architec...

The Great Mongol Shahnameh, also called the Demotte Shahnameh, is an extensively illustrated Persian manuscript produced under the Ilkhanids during the 14th century. It presents episodes from Ferdowsi's Shahnameh in large, elaborate paintings that combine Persian traditions with artistic influences...

Flateyjarbók, catalogued as GKS 1005 fol., is a large Icelandic vellum manuscript compiled between 1387 and 1394. Its Old Norse texts include sagas of Norwegian kings, shorter narratives, poetry, genealogical material, and accounts connected with voyages to Vinland. Preserved in Reykjavik by the Árn...

Flateyjarbók is a large Icelandic vellum codex compiled between 1387 and 1394 and catalogued as GKS 1005 fol. It preserves Old Norse kings' sagas, shorter tales, poems, genealogies, and narratives concerning Norse voyages to Vinland. The manuscript is held in Reykjavik by the Árni Magnússon Institut...

The Pearl Manuscript, catalogued as Cotton Nero A.x, is a late 14th-century Middle English codex held by the British Library. It uniquely preserves Pearl, Cleanness, Patience, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, four poems generally attributed to the same unidentified writer, often called the Pearl...

Completed in 1399 under Sultan Bayezid I, the Grand Mosque of Bursa, or Ulu Cami, is an early Ottoman architectural landmark in Bursa, Turkey. The structure exemplifies early Ottoman design with its Seljuk-style architecture, featuring twenty domes arranged in a four-by-five grid supported by twelve...

The Jami al-Tawarikh, or Compendium of Chronicles, is a universal history compiled under the direction of Rashid al-Din, a vizier of the Ilkhanid court, in the early 14th century. Written primarily in Persian, it covers Mongol history alongside accounts of other peoples, dynasties, and religious tra...

The Luttrell Psalter is an English illuminated manuscript produced during the 14th century for Sir Geoffrey Luttrell, a landowner in Lincolnshire. Alongside the Psalms and other devotional texts, its margins contain saints, grotesques, hybrid creatures, musicians, laborers, and unusually detailed sc...

Vijayanagara, historically centered around the modern village of Hampi in Karnataka, India, was the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire from the 14th to the 16th centuries. The site spans roughly 26 square kilometers and contains the ruins of a fortified city built along the Tungabhadra River. Among...

The Wycliffite Bible is the name given to related Middle English translations of the Latin Vulgate produced in the late fourteenth century. Traditionally associated with the reformer John Wycliffe, the translations were probably created by several scholars connected with his intellectual and religio...

The Book of Hours of Jeanne d'Évreux is a small illuminated prayer book created in Paris around 1324 to 1328 for Jeanne d'Évreux, queen of France. Its paintings are attributed to Jean Pucelle and are distinguished by refined grisaille figures, delicate linework, and lively marginal scenes. The manus...

Gyeongbokgung Palace is South Korea’s foremost royal residence built during the Joseon Dynasty. Constructed in the 14th century, it represents the largest palace complex of that era. The palace's significant scale and architectural style offer a tangible connection to Korean history and culture. It...

The Wawel Royal Castle dominates Kraków’s skyline representing Poland's rich history. Constructed primarily in the 14th century, it showcases a blend of Gothic and Renaissance architectural styles. For centuries, this palace served as the country’s political center and royal residence. Today, it is...

The Demotte Shahnameh, also called the Great Mongol Shahnameh, is a lavishly illustrated Persian manuscript produced under the Ilkhanids in the 14th century. It contains the text of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, the Persian epic recounting the legendary and historical kings of Iran. The manuscript is distin...

The Queen Mary Psalter is an extensively illustrated English manuscript produced in the early fourteenth century, probably in London or East Anglia. It contains the Latin text of the Psalms, a pictorial Old Testament cycle, a calendar, and numerous marginal scenes, including animals and everyday act...

The Palais des Papes is a significant 14th-century palace in Avignon, France. It functioned as the primary residence for the popes during a period marked by the Western Schism, influencing European politics and religious power structures. The building’s imposing Gothic architecture and historical im...

The Mosque-Madrassa of Sultan Barquq is a religious complex in Islamic Cairo, built between 1384 and 1386 under Sultan al-Zahir Barquq, the first ruler of the Burji Mamluk dynasty. The structure combines a congregational mosque and four madrassa schools arranged around a central courtyard in the cru...

The Templo Mayor was the main ceremonial pyramid of Tenochtitlan, the Aztec capital founded around 1325 CE on an island in Lake Texcoco. Located in present-day Mexico City, the pyramid was the religious and political center of the Aztec Empire. The structure consisted of twin staircases dedicated to...

The Palazzo Vecchio serves as Florence’s historic town hall. Constructed in the 14th century, it represents a key example of Florentine government architecture. Its impressive interior spaces, largely shaped by Giorgio Vasari, showcase Renaissance artistic and design elements. The palace is primaril...

The Sintra National Palace (Palácio Nacional de Sintra) is a medieval royal palace in the town of Sintra, Portugal, used by the Portuguese royal family from the 15th to the 19th century. Its most distinctive feature is the pair of large conical chimneys over the medieval kitchen, which have become a...