Pilot-wave theory

Pilot-wave theory, also known as de Broglie–Bohm theory, is an interpretation of quantum mechanics that proposes particles have definite positions guided by a 'pilot wave.' It offers a deterministic alternative to the randomness inherent in standard Copenhagen quantum mechanics.

The concept was initially proposed by French physicist Louis de Broglie in the 1920s. It was later expanded and formalized into a complete theory by American physicist David Bohm in the 1950s.

Yes, pilot-wave theory relies on the concept of non-local hidden variables to explain quantum entanglement, meaning the universe has a built-in hidden interconnectedness. In this view, particles always have real, definite properties, unlike the probabilistic view of standard quantum theory.

While mathematically equivalent in its predictions, pilot-wave theory is often criticized for being needlessly complex because it requires 'hidden variables' that cannot be measured. Furthermore, its strictly deterministic nature conflicts with the widely accepted standard model of quantum mechanics.