Top Results for Byzantine Ottoman

Kalaja e Beratit, also called Berat Castle, is a fortified hilltop settlement in southern Albania. The site has ancient origins, while much of the visible fortress was developed or rebuilt during the Byzantine and later medieval periods. Its walls enclose churches, historic houses, and other buildin...

Hagia Sophia began as a Byzantine cathedral constructed in Constantinople (modern Istanbul) around 537 AD. It represents a significant architectural achievement blending Christian and Byzantine design with later modifications following its conversion into a mosque by the Ottoman Empire in the 15th c...

The Castle of Ioannina is a fortified historic district on a peninsula beside Lake Pamvotis in Ioannina, northwestern Greece. Its defenses have Byzantine origins and were expanded under Ottoman rule, especially around the inner citadel known as Its Kale, which became associated with Ali Pasha of Tep...

The Heptapyrgion, also known as Yedi Kule or Eptapyrgio, is a Byzantine and Ottoman fortress on the acropolis of Thessaloniki, Greece. Its name refers to seven towers, although the surviving complex contains a larger number of tower structures, and the site later functioned as a prison. It is of int...

Skopje Fortress, also known as Kale Fortress, is a historic defensive complex on a hill above Skopje, the capital of North Macedonia. Its origins are associated with the Byzantine period of the 6th century, while later phases reflect the changing military history of the region, including Ottoman use...

Yedikule Fortress, also known as the Fortress of the Seven Towers, is a historic fortification complex located in Istanbul, Turkey. The structure was built in 1458 under Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II, incorporating the pre-existing Golden Gate from the 5th-century Theodosian Walls of Constantinople. Feat...

Kavala Castle is a hilltop citadel located in the city of Kavala in Eastern Macedonia, Greece. Occupying the site of the ancient city of Neapolis, the current structure was heavily rebuilt by the Byzantines and later significantly restored by the Ottomans in 1425. Enclosed by thick walls and featuri...

The Heptapyrgion, also known as Yedi Kule, is a citadel occupying the highest point of the old upper town of Thessaloniki, Greece. Its Byzantine foundations were expanded by the Ottomans, who constructed additional towers and connecting walls, creating a complex whose name, meaning "Seven Towers," d...

Yedikule Fortress is a fortified structure located within the southern defensive walls of Istanbul, Turkey. Following the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople, Sultan Mehmed II built the fortress in 1458, incorporating the pre-existing Byzantine Golden Gate. The pentagonal complex is characterized by...

Kavala Fortress is a fortified complex on the rocky Panagia peninsula in Kavala, northern Greece. The site occupies a strategic position above the harbor and the old city, which developed near ancient Neapolis, the port associated with nearby Philippi. Its defenses incorporate Byzantine foundations...

Erzurum Citadel, or İç Kale, is the surviving inner fortress on a hill in the center of Erzurum, eastern Turkey. Its earliest surviving defensive history is associated with Byzantine construction, while the Saltukids added the Kale Mosque and Tepsi Minaret in the twelfth century; later Seljuk and Ot...

Trabzon Castle is a fortified area in Trabzon on Turkey's northeastern Black Sea coast. Its upper, middle, and lower sections incorporate foundations and walls associated with several historical periods, including Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman rule. The fortifications were also used during the era o...