Best Lunar Lander
The Apollo Lunar Module was a specialized spacecraft developed by NASA to enable crewed landings on the Moon. This two-stage vehicle provided the means for astronauts to descend to and ascend from the lunar surface during the six Apollo missions from 1969 to 1972. It represents a pivotal achievement...
Surveyor 5 was an uncrewed NASA lunar lander and the fifth mission in the Surveyor program. It achieved a soft landing in Mare Tranquillitatis in September 1967, returning surface photographs and engineering information needed for later lunar exploration. Its alpha-scattering instrument measured the...
Surveyor 6 was an uncrewed lunar lander launched by NASA as part of the Surveyor program to demonstrate the feasibility of soft landings on the Moon. After touching down in the Sinus Medii region in 1967, the spacecraft transmitted thousands of high-quality television images of the lunar surface and...
Surveyor 3 was an uncrewed lunar exploration spacecraft launched by NASA in April 1967 as part of the Surveyor program. It successfully landed in the Ocean of Storms, becoming the second American spacecraft to achieve a soft landing on the lunar surface. The lander utilized a surface sampler to inve...
IM-1 was a commercial lunar mission developed by the American company Intuitive Machines and launched by NASA in February 2024. The mission utilized the Nova-C class lunar lander, named Odysseus, to deliver scientific payloads to the Moon's south polar region. Upon landing, Odysseus became the first...
IM-2 was a 2025 Intuitive Machines CLPS mission whose Athena lander reached Mons Mouton to prospect for water ice but tipped over.
Beresheet was an Israeli SpaceIL lunar lander launched in 2019, notable as the first privately funded mission to reach lunar orbit.
HAKUTO-R Mission 1 was a Japanese ispace lunar lander launched in 2022, notable as a private Moon landing attempt that failed during descent in 2023.
Peregrine Mission One was a 2024 Astrobotic lunar lander, notable as the first Vulcan Centaur payload and a NASA CLPS mission that lost propellant.
