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The Pacific sand dollar, Dendraster excentricus, is an irregular sea urchin native to sandy coastal habitats of the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Its flattened test bears a five-petaled pattern, while the off-center position of features reflected in the name excentricus distinguishes it from more symm...
Dendraster excentricus, commonly called the eccentric sand dollar, is an irregular sea urchin native to sandy habitats along the Pacific coast of North America. Its common name refers to the off-center position of the petal-like pattern on the upper surface of its flattened test. Living individuals...
Echinarachnius parma, commonly known as the sand dollar, is a species of flat, burrowing sea urchin belonging to the order Clypeasteroida. It is widely distributed across the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting the sandy or muddy bottoms of temperate and boreal ocean waters. This invertebrate exhibits t...
Scaphechinus mirabilis is a species of sand dollar, a flattened burrowing sea urchin in the class Echinoidea. It was described by Alexander Agassiz in 1864 and occurs in the northwestern Pacific, where it inhabits sandy or muddy seabeds in temperate coastal waters. Its disc-shaped test and short spi...
Mellita quinquiesperforata, commonly known as the five-hole sand dollar, is a flat irregular sea urchin belonging to the family Mellitidae. It is distinguished by the five characteristic, keyhole-like lunules that pierce its rigid skeleton, or test. This species is found along the sandy coastal wate...
Leodia sexiesperforata is a species of sand dollar, an echinoderm belonging to the order Clypeasteroida, commonly found in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. This marine invertebrate is uniquely characterized by its rigid, flattened, and near-circular skeleton, known as a test. As its scienti...
Encope emarginata is a species of irregular sea urchin belonging to the family Mellitidae, a group commonly known as sand dollars. It is recognized by its flattened, disk-shaped test, which features distinctive notched edges and indentations along its borders. Like other sand dollars, this species l...
Encope michelini is a species of flat, burrowing sea urchin commonly known as a sand dollar. It belongs to the order Clypeasteroida and inhabits the shallow marine waters of the western Atlantic Ocean, particularly throughout the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. The species is biologically dist...
Laganum laganum is a species of flattened sand dollar belonging to the family Laganidae. Described by Leske in 1778, it serves as the type species for the genus Laganum. This marine invertebrate inhabits shallow waters across the Indo-Pacific region, where it burrows into sandy ocean floors. Like ot...
Mellita tenuis is a species of extant keyhole sand dollar, a type of flat, burrowing sea urchin belonging to the family Mellitidae. It is native to the western Atlantic Ocean, commonly found along the continental shelf of the southeastern United States and the Gulf of Mexico. The species is distingu...
Mellita notabilis is a species of keyhole sand dollar, a type of flattened sea urchin belonging to the echinoderm family Mellitidae. Like other members of its genus, it is distinguished by its characteristic lunules, which are slots or holes that pass completely through its skeletal test. This marin...
Rotula deciesdigitatus is a distinctive species of irregular sea urchin belonging to the Clypeasteroida order, commonly known as sand dollars. It is recognized by its flattened, star-shaped test and the unique digitate, or finger-like, structure of its ambulacral petals. This marine invertebrate is...
Clypeaster speciosus is a species of sea biscuit, a type of irregular sea urchin belonging to the family Clypeasteridae. Inhabiting sandy marine environments across the Indo-Pacific region, this echinoderm features a heavily calcified, flattened test designed for burrowing beneath the substrate. Unl...
Mellita isometra is a species of flat, burrowing sea urchin commonly known as a sand dollar. Native to the western Atlantic Ocean, these marine invertebrates inhabit sandy coastal environments where they filter feed. The species is identified by its flat, disk-shaped test and the presence of distinc...
Mellita longifissa is a species of irregular echinoid, commonly known as a sand dollar, belonging to the family Mellitidae. It is distinguished by its noticeably elongated posterior lunule, a keyhole-shaped opening in the organism's flattened test. This marine invertebrate is native to the Eastern P...
"Peronella japonica" is a species of flattened sand dollar, an irregular sea urchin belonging to the family Laganidae. The species was scientifically described by the Danish zoologist Theodor Mortensen in 1948. As its specific epithet suggests, it is native to the marine waters surrounding Japan, ty...
Fellaster zelandiae is a species of irregular sea urchin belonging to the family Echinoneidae, endemic to the coastal marine waters of New Zealand. Like other irregular echinoids, it possesses a somewhat flattened, bilateral body structure rather than the perfectly spherical shape of typical sea urc...
Fibularia ovulum is a minute species of sea urchin in the family Fibulariidae, order Clypeasteroida. It is characterized by its small, bean-shaped test, typically found buried in marine sand. Species in this family are commonly known as pea urchins or sand dollars due to their diminutive size and in...
Encope grandis is an irregular sea urchin commonly described as a sand dollar and classified in the family Mellitidae. It inhabits shallow marine environments of the eastern Pacific, where its flattened body is adapted to living on or partly beneath sandy seabeds. Openings in its test, often called...
Laganum depressum is a species of irregular sea urchin in the family Laganidae and order Clypeasteroida. It has a strongly flattened body adapted to living on or within sandy seabeds, and it belongs to the group commonly called sand dollars or sea biscuits. The species occurs in the Indo-Pacific, wh...
Peronella lesueuri is an extant irregular sea urchin in the family Laganidae and genus Peronella. It is a flattened, sand-dollar-like echinoid recorded from Australian waters, where it lives on the seafloor in soft marine sediments. The species belongs to a predominantly tropical Indo-Pacific group...
Peronella orbicularis is a living irregular echinoid commonly known as a sand dollar and placed in the family Laganidae. Its rounded, flattened body is associated with burrowing into sandy marine substrates rather than attaching to a fixed surface. The species is reported from the Indo-Pacific regio...
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