Best Silo
Site 571-7 in Sahuarita, Arizona is the only preserved intact Titan II intercontinental ballistic missile launch complex of the 54 that once operated in the United States. The complex was decommissioned in 1982 under the SALT II Treaty and subsequently preserved as the Titan Missile Museum, which op...
The Titan Missile Museum at Site 571-7 in Sahuarita, Arizona preserves the only remaining intact Titan II intercontinental ballistic missile launch complex of the original 54 in the United States. The museum opened to the public in 1986 following the complex's decommissioning in 1982 under the SALT...
The Silo Hotel is a boutique accommodation located within a historic, converted grain silo complex at Cape Town's V&A Waterfront. Opened in 2017, the building was reimagined by architectural firm Heatherwick Studio and features distinctive multi-faceted glass windows. The structure also houses the Z...
Survival Condo is a private residential bunker complex constructed inside a decommissioned Atlas missile silo in Kansas. Developer Larry Hall converted the reinforced underground structure into condominium units intended to support occupants during disasters, adding shared systems for power, water,...
Silo City is a historic industrial site located along the Buffalo River in Buffalo, New York, consisting of a connected complex of early 20th-century grain elevators. Built primarily of reinforced concrete between 1906 and 1920, the structures reflect Buffalo's historical role as a major grain trans...
Minuteman Launch Control Facility Delta-01 is a decommissioned Cold War military installation located near Philip, South Dakota. It functioned as an underground command center for the Minuteman II intercontinental ballistic missile system, where Air Force officers monitored and maintained readiness...
Concrete Central, completed in 1915 on the Buffalo River in Buffalo, New York, was at the time of its construction the largest grain elevator in the world. Built of reinforced concrete, it functioned as a grain storage and transfer facility tied to Buffalo's role as a major Great Lakes shipping and...
In mid-2021, analysis of commercial satellite imagery by researchers identified approximately 120 intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) silos under construction near Yumen in Gansu Province, China, along with a comparable site near Hami in Xinjiang. The silos were associated with the DF-41 (Dong...
Uzhur, located in Krasnoyarsk Krai in Siberia, Russia, hosts a Strategic Rocket Forces division operating the R-36M2 missile, known in NATO designation as the SS-18 Satan. The R-36M is a Soviet-designed heavy silo-based ICBM capable of carrying up to ten multiple independently targetable reentry veh...
Dombarovsky, located in Orenburg Oblast in southwestern Russia, hosts a Strategic Rocket Forces division operating the R-36M2 missile, known in NATO designation as the SS-18 Satan. The R-36M is a Soviet-designed heavy silo-based ICBM capable of carrying up to ten multiple independently targetable re...
Launch Facility Delta-09, located near Wall, South Dakota, is a deactivated Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile silo preserved as part of the Minuteman Missile National Historic Site administered by the U.S. National Park Service. Established in 1999, the site features a viewing enclosu...
Vandenberg Space Force Base, located on California's central coast, serves as the primary U.S. test launch site for intercontinental ballistic missiles and space vehicles. Since the late 1950s, the base has conducted test launches of Atlas, Titan, Minuteman, and Peacekeeper ICBMs from its coastal la...
The DF-41 silo field near Hami, Xinjiang, was identified in 2021 by researchers at the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies and the Federation of American Scientists using commercial satellite imagery. Analysts identified approximately 110 missile silo sites under construction at this lo...
Oscar-Zero Launch Control Facility is a former Minuteman III launch control facility located near Cooperstown, Griggs County, North Dakota. It was part of the 321st Strategic Missile Wing based at Grand Forks Air Force Base, operating as one of fifteen launch control facilities supporting 150 Minute...
The Harvestore is a type of oxygen-limiting storage silo used on farms for preserving forage. It is constructed from glass-fused-to-steel panels bolted together, creating an airtight structure that limits oxygen exposure to reduce spoilage. The silos are distinguished by their blue exterior color an...
The LGM-118A Peacekeeper was a four-stage, solid-fueled intercontinental ballistic missile deployed by the United States Air Force within modified Minuteman silos at F.E. Warren Air Force Base in Wyoming. Entering service in 1986, the missile was distinguished by its ability to carry up to ten indep...
The A.O. Smith Harvestore is a type of oxygen-limiting silo structure historically manufactured using glass-fused-to-steel panels. Developed in the mid-20th century, these cylindrical storage structures were engineered to create an airtight environment that prevents spoilage in fermented animal feed...
The Missile Site Radar at the Stanley R. Mickelsen Safeguard Complex in North Dakota was the central tracking installation of the U.S. Army's only operational ABM site, activated in 1975 and shut down after just months of operation.
Elevator B is a historic grain storage facility located in Buffalo, New York, a city that served as a critical transshipment hub for Midwest grain during the 19th and 20th centuries. Constructed in 1915 using reinforced concrete, the structure reflects the architectural and engineering innovations p...
The DF-41 ICBM silo field near Ordos in Inner Mongolia is a nuclear missile complex identified by researchers analyzing commercial satellite imagery in the early 2020s. The site features widespread construction of reinforced launch silos intended to house China's solid-fueled Dongfeng-41 intercontin...
The RT-2PM2 Topol-M is an intercontinental ballistic missile developed by Russia as a modernized successor to earlier Soviet-era strategic systems. Deployed in both road-mobile and hardened silo configurations, the three-stage, solid-propellant missile first entered silo-based service at the Tatishc...
The Electric Elevator is a historic grain storage facility located in Buffalo, New York, recognized for integrating early electrical engineering into industrial agriculture. Constructed in 1897, it was among the first grain elevators to replace traditional steam-powered internal machinery with elect...
The Magnolia Market Silos are a pair of converted grain storage towers located in Waco, Texas, originally constructed in 1950 for the Brazos Valley Cotton Oil Company. After sitting dormant for years, the industrial structures were acquired and repurposed in 2015 by home renovation television person...
The R-12 Dvina, designated by NATO as the SS-4 Sandal, was a Soviet intermediate-range ballistic missile designed by the Yangel design bureau. Entering operational service in 1959, it was a single-stage, liquid-propellant weapon capable of delivering a thermonuclear warhead. The missile could be dep...
The R-29RMU Sineva is a Russian liquid-fueled submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) designed for deployment on Delta IV (Project 667BDRM) class submarines. Capable of carrying multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), it entered operational service in 2007 as a modernized com...
FLSmidth & Co. A/S is a Danish engineering company founded in 1882 and headquartered in Copenhagen that designs and supplies equipment, systems, and services for the cement and mining industries. Its offerings include cement storage silos, blending systems, and complete production plant equipment fo...
The DF-41 ICBM silo field near Jilantai in Inner Mongolia is a People's Liberation Army Rocket Force installation consisting of numerous missile silos identified through open-source satellite imagery. Discovered in 2021, the site features over a hundred silos arranged in a grid pattern and represent...
The RS-28 Sarmat silos located near Uzhur, Russia, are designated to house Russia's newest heavy intercontinental ballistic missiles. The Sarmat is a liquid-fueled ICBM designed to replace the aging Soviet-era R-36M Voevoda, known in the West as the Satan. Uzhur serves as a primary strategic missile...
Minuteman III launch facilities associated with F.E. Warren Air Force Base in Wyoming are operated by the 90th Missile Wing of the United States Air Force. The base oversees a vast complex of hardened silos spread across Wyoming, Colorado, and Nebraska, forming a key component of the nation's land-b...
The Plateau d'Albion in southeastern France served as a strategic nuclear missile base for the French Air Force, housing the SSBS S3 intermediate-range ballistic missile. The facility consisted of 18 hardened underground silos designed to withstand nuclear blasts, becoming operational in the early 1...
