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The Douro is a major river of the Iberian Peninsula, flowing about 897 kilometers from northern Spain through Portugal to the Atlantic Ocean at Porto. Its valley includes steeply terraced vineyards used for producing Port and other wines, especially in Portugal’s Alto Douro region. The Alto Douro Wi...
The Tagus is an international river of the Iberian Peninsula that rises in central Spain and flows west through Spain and Portugal. It runs for about 1,000 kilometers before reaching the Atlantic Ocean through the Tagus estuary at Lisbon. The river passes through Toledo and enters Portugal before re...
The Treaty of Tordesillas, established in 1494, was an agreement between Spain and Portugal resolving conflicting claims to lands discovered during the Age of Exploration. It divided the newly found territories outside Europe along a north-south meridian, thirty leagues west of the Cape Verde Island...
The Gulf of Cádiz is a broad inlet of the northeastern Atlantic Ocean along the coasts of southern Portugal and southwestern Spain. It extends between the Strait of Gibraltar region and Portugal's Atlantic margin and receives rivers including the Guadalquivir and Guadiana. Its ports and approaches h...
The Iberian Pseudo-steppe is a vast, human-modified ecosystem spanning across the interior plains of Spain and Portugal. It was primarily created by centuries of traditional agricultural practices, particularly extensive dry cereal cultivation and low-intensity livestock grazing. This semi-arid land...
The Iberian Frog (Rana iberica) is a small brown frog endemic to the northwestern Iberian Peninsula, occurring mainly in Portugal and the adjacent Spanish regions of Galicia, Asturias, León, and Cantabria. It inhabits cold, well-oxygenated mountain streams and brooks in forested or rocky upland area...
