description King Edward III Overview
King Edward III (1312–1377) ruled England from 1327 and initiated the Hundred Years' War with France in 1337 by claiming the French crown, presiding over major English victories at Crécy (1346) and Poitiers (1356).
insights Ranking position
King Edward III ranks #85 of 221 in the Monarch ranking, behind Pharaoh Khufu, ahead of Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa.
help King Edward III FAQ
Why did Edward III claim the French throne?
Edward III based his claim partly on descent through his mother, Isabella of France, the daughter of Philip IV. The dispute helped trigger the Hundred Years' War in 1337, although French succession practice rejected inheritance through the female line.
Which major battles did England win under Edward III?
Edward's reign included the English victory at Crécy in 1346 and the capture of Calais the following year. His son Edward the Black Prince later defeated and captured King John II of France at Poitiers in 1356.
How old was Edward III when he became king?
Edward III was born in 1312 and became king in 1327, while still in his teens. His mother Isabella and Roger Mortimer initially dominated the government before Edward asserted personal control.
Did the Black Death occur during Edward III's reign?
Yes, the Black Death reached England in 1348 during Edward III's long reign. The resulting population loss disrupted agriculture, labor, taxation, and the English war effort.
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