Best Fumaroles
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Dallol is a remarkable hydrothermal area within Ethiopia’s Danakil Depression. It features active fumaroles emitting acidic gases and brine pools with exceptionally low pH values—below zero in some areas. The system produces large quantities of salt and other minerals through intense geothermal acti...
Boiling Lake fumaroles feed Dominica's flooded fumarole in Morne Trois Pitons National Park, a UNESCO site and the world's second-largest hot lake.
The Wai-O-Tapu fumaroles are vents in New Zealand's Taupo Volcanic Zone, notable within an 18 sq km geothermal area south of Rotorua.
Yasur fumaroles are vents on Tanna, Vanuatu, notable on a 361 m volcano whose glow drew James Cook to the island in 1774.
Mount Erebus Tramway Ridge fumaroles are vents on Ross Island, Antarctica, notable for supporting the protected ASPA 130 microbial and algal ecosystem.
Uzon Caldera fumaroles are hydrothermal vents in Kamchatka, Russia; the 9 by 12 km caldera is part of the peninsula's largest geothermal field.
Mount Erebus Ice Tower Ridge fumaroles are vents on Ross Island, Antarctica, notable for ice chimneys on a ridge named by US-ACAN in 2000.
Poas crater fumaroles vent around Costa Rica's Laguna Caliente, one of the world's most acidic crater lakes and active in the 2017 eruption crisis.
Mount Erebus summit fumaroles are vents on Antarctica's southernmost active volcano, notable above a persistent lava lake present since the early 1970s.
The Whakarewarewa fumaroles are vents in Rotorua, New Zealand, notable in a Maori geothermal village occupied since about 1325.
Etna summit fumaroles are vents around Mount Etna's summit craters in Sicily, Italy, notable on one of the world's most active volcanoes.
Aso Nakadake crater fumaroles are vents in Kumamoto, Japan, at Mount Aso's active central cone, which has erupted repeatedly since 1974.
Xiaoyoukeng fumaroles are vents in Yangmingshan National Park, Taiwan, notable at an 805 m post-volcanic site below Qixing Mountain.
Popocatepetl crater fumaroles vent from Mexico's 5,393 m stratovolcano, reactivated in 1994 after decades of dormancy near Mexico City.
Leirhnjukur fumaroles are vents in Iceland's Krafla caldera, notable among lava fields from the 1975-1984 Krafla Fires near Lake Myvatn.
Islote de Hilario vents are geothermal demonstrations in Timanfaya, Lanzarote, where ground heat from the 1730-1736 eruptions boils poured water.
Ambrym fumaroles are vents in Vanuatu's 12 km Ambrym caldera, notable around Benbow and Marum, cones of one of the New Hebrides' most active volcanoes.
La Soufriere de Guadeloupe summit fumaroles vent from a 1,467 m dome on Basse-Terre, watched closely after the 1976-1977 phreatic crisis.
The Lascar crater fumaroles are vents in northern Chile's most active volcano, whose 1993 eruption sent ash as far as Buenos Aires.
Mount St. Helens crater fumaroles are steam vents in Washington's 1980 crater, tied to lava dome activity after the 2004 to 2008 eruption.
Masaya crater fumaroles vent from Nicaragua's Santiago crater, a persistently degassing basaltic caldera made the country's first national park in 1979.
Teide summit fumaroles are sulfur vents near Pico del Teide on Tenerife, Spain, notable atop the country's 3,715 m high point.
Mount Rainier summit fumaroles vent through ice-filled craters in Washington, forming the world's largest volcanic glacier cave network.
Rincon de la Vieja fumaroles and hot springs flank a Costa Rican crater lake volcano noted for recurrent phreatic eruptions, including events in 2012.
Nea Kameni fumaroles are sulfur vents on the young lava island in Santorini caldera, Greece, notable after dome-building eruptions ending in 1950.
Bromo crater fumaroles vent from Mount Bromo in East Java, Indonesia, the active cone of the Tengger caldera and site of eruptions in 2010-11.
The Puyehue-Cordon Caulle fumaroles are geothermal vents in southern Chile, near the fissure system that produced the large 2011 eruption.
The Copahue crater fumaroles vent from an Argentina-Chile border volcano with a highly acidic crater lake measured near pH 0.2.
Turrialba crater fumaroles vent from Costa Rica's 3,340 m stratovolcano, where renewed activity in 2010 preceded major ash eruptions in 2014-2017.
Tavurvur fumaroles are vents at Rabaul caldera in Papua New Guinea, notable on the cone whose 1994 eruption devastated the town of Rabaul.
