description Staurolite Overview
Staurolite is a nesosilicate mineral composed of iron, aluminum, and silicate, commonly found in regional metamorphic rocks such as schist and gneiss. It is most recognized for its tendency to form twinned crystals that intersect at 60-degree or 90-degree angles, creating distinctive X-shaped or cross-shaped structures often referred to as "fairy crosses." These crystals are typically dark reddish-brown to black and have a glassy to resinous luster. The mineral is frequently sought after by collectors and is notably abundant in metamorphic regions like Patrick County, Virginia, and parts of Georgia, where it holds official state mineral status.
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