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Eiscir Riada is an esker system in central Ireland that extends roughly 200 km from Dublin to Galway. It formed as a deposit of sediment left by meltwater beneath a glacier during the last Ice Age. Because its raised gravel ridge offered drier ground than the surrounding bogland, it was used as a tr...
Rokuanharju is an extensive glacial esker system located in the North Ostrobothnia region of Finland. Formed during the last Ice Age by glacial meltwater depositing layers of sand and gravel, the ridge is a prominent geological feature of the area. It is characterized by its distinct kettle holes, f...
Dorothea Bate was a Welsh paleontologist and a pioneering figure in the field of archaeozoology who joined London's Natural History Museum in 1898. She is distinguished by her extensive fieldwork studying extinct Pleistocene-era mammals isolated on Mediterranean islands, such as Crete and Majorca. H...
Aulangonharju is a prominent, forested glacial esker located in the Aulanko nature reserve near Hämeenlinna in southern Finland. Formed during the last Ice Age, the ridge offers elevated views of the surrounding Vanajavesi lake landscape. At its summit sits the Aulanko observation tower, a stone str...
Peter Wilhelm Lund was a Danish paleontologist and naturalist who extensively excavated hundreds of limestone caves in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais during the 1830s. He is recognized for reporting extinct Ice Age mammals alongside early human remains, providing crucial early insights into Sou...
Kangasalanharju is a prominent esker formation in the municipality of Kangasala, southwestern Finland, formed during the last glacial period by deposits of sand and gravel along subglacial meltwater channels. Part of a longer ridge chain crossing the region, it creates a distinctive landscape of woo...
Felisa Smith is an American paleoecologist and academic whose research focuses on the ecological history of mammals. She specializes in analyzing body size trends and geographic ranges to better understand past extinction events and responses to climate change. Her extensive work frequently examines...
Édouard Lartet was a French paleontologist whose foundational work helped establish the scientific study of prehistoric humans. He discovered the first recognized ape fossil in Europe and demonstrated human coexistence with extinct animals through stratigraphy. From 1863 until his death, he collabor...
The Katahdin Esker is a glaciofluvial ridge system in Maine, United States, notable for research using its sediments to reconstruct subglacial transport.
Ross D. E. MacPhee is a Canadian American mammalogist and vertebrate paleontologist associated with the American Museum of Natural History in New York. His research examines mammalian evolution, island biogeography, and the extinction of large animals during the late Quaternary. He has investigated...
Ahvenistonharju is a prominent glacial esker ridge formation situated in the city of Hämeenlinna in southern Finland. The geological formation features rugged, ridged terrain composed of gravel and sand deposited by retreating glaciers, interspersed with deep kettle lakes and dense pine forests. Rec...
Beatrice Demarchi is an Italian archaeological scientist and academic recognized for her expertise in the field of palaeoproteomics, the study of ancient proteins. Her research focuses on extracting and analyzing degraded biomolecules from materials such as ancient shells and eggshells to investigat...
Larisa DeSantis is an American paleontologist and a professor in the Department of Biological Sciences at Vanderbilt University. Her research focuses on paleoecology, specifically utilizing dental microwear texture analysis and stable isotope geochemistry to reconstruct the diets and habitats of ext...
Kaunisharju is a glacial esker ridge located in central Finland, situated within the boundaries of the Rokua Geopark. The landform was created during the last deglaciation when sediment was deposited by meltwater streams flowing through tunnels within the continental ice sheet. The ridge is characte...
The Kaims of Airth is a glaciofluvial ridge complex, or esker system, located near the village of Airth in central Scotland. It was formed by the deposition of sand and gravel by meltwater streams flowing through tunnels beneath a glacier during the last deglaciation. The site is notable for preserv...
The Dunmore-Ballyhaunis Esker System is a prominent glacial ridge complex located in western Ireland, spanning across areas of County Galway and County Mayo. The system is distinguished as one of the country's finest examples of a tunnel-deposited esker, formed during the last Ice Age by sediment ac...
Adrian Lister is a prominent British paleontologist and research leader at the Natural History Museum, London, affiliated with University College London. His research focuses primarily on the evolution, ecology, and extinction of Ice Age mammals, with a specific expertise in mammoths and other probo...
Daniel C. Fisher is an American paleontologist known for reading growth layers and chemical signals in mammoth tusks to reconstruct their life histories.
Anthony D. Barnosky is an American paleoecologist and paleontologist whose research focuses on Quaternary mammals, past climate change, and mass extinctions. He has studied the North American fossil record to compare current biodiversity loss with previous extinction events and has written about whe...
Clara Esker is a glaciofluvial ridge near Clara in County Offaly, Ireland, notable as a major component of the cross-country Eiscir Riada system.
Säkylänharju is a prominent steep-sided esker ridge formation located in the Satakunta region of southwestern Finland. Formed during the last Ice Age by glacial meltwater deposits, the ridge reaches approximately 145 metres above sea level, making it one of the highest points in the region. It is a...
The Tibbitt Esker is a prominent glaciofluvial ridge composed of sand and gravel, located near Tibbitt Lake in Canada's Northwest Territories. Formed by ancient glacial meltwater streams, the ridge extends across the boreal landscape of the Canadian Shield. It is notable for the archaeological sites...
Jenny McGuire is an American paleoecologist and an associate professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Her research integrates fossil records with modern ecological data to examine how mammal communities have responded to past climate changes over the Quaternary period. She has worked on pro...
Kruunupuistonharju is a forested esker at Punkaharju, Finland, notable for accessible ridge trails overlooking the interconnected Saimaa lake system.
Kazan Esker is a glaciofluvial ridge in the Kazan River region of Nunavut, recording subglacial drainage beneath the Laurentide Ice Sheet.
Paul S. Martin was an American geoscientist who championed the overkill hypothesis, linking human arrival to late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions.
Clive Finlayson is a Gibraltarian paleoanthropologist and Gibraltar National Museum director noted for research at the Neanderthal site of Gorham's Cave.
Dubawnt Esker is an Arctic Canadian sand-and-gravel ridge near the Dubawnt watershed, formed during retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet.
Kames of Rannoch is a group of glaciofluvial mounds and ridges near Rannoch in Scotland, recording meltwater activity during the last deglaciation.
Split Hills and Long Hill Esker is a County Westmeath glacial ridge protected in Ireland as an SAC for its orchid-rich calcareous grassland.
