Xiongnu vs Scythians
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Xiongnu
The Xiongnu were a confederation of mobile pastoral and military groups that dominated parts of the eastern Eurasian steppe from the late third century BCE. Under Modu Chanyu, who came to power around 209 BCE, they became a major rival of the Han dynasty, combining raids, diplomacy, tribute arrangements, and frontier trade. Han rulers responded with military campaigns and defensive construction al...
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Scythians
The Scythians were a group of ancient Iranian-speaking, equestrian nomadic peoples associated especially with the Pontic steppe north of the Black Sea. Greek, Persian, Assyrian, and archaeological sources describe their movements and contacts across the Eurasian steppe from roughly the seventh to the third century BCE. Scythian material culture includes recurved bows, horse equipment, animal-style...
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