swap_horiz Norman Bowen Alternatives

1

J. Tuzo Wilson

Canadian geophysicist John Tuzo Wilson (1908-1993) helped turn continental drift into a more complete account of how the...

Canadian 20TH Century Historical Plate Tectonics

9.65 Brilliant

2

Victor Moritz Goldschmidt

Norwegian mineralogist and geologist Victor Moritz Goldschmidt helped establish modern geochemistry and crystal chemistr...

Norwegian 20TH Century Historical Geochemistry

9.52 Brilliant

3

Harry Hess

Harry Hammond Hess (1906-1969) was an American geologist and Princeton University professor whose work helped explain th...

American 20TH Century Historical Plate Tectonics

9.45 Excellent

4

Fred Vine

British marine geologist and geophysicist Fred Vine helped turn seafloor spreading into a theory supported by measurable...

20TH Century Historical British Seafloor Spreading

9.36 Excellent

5

Nicholas Shackleton

Nicholas Shackleton was a British geologist and paleoclimatologist who pioneered the use of oxygen isotope analysis in m...

20TH Century Historical British Paleoclimatology

9.34 Excellent

6

Charles Richter

Charles Francis Richter was an American seismologist and physicist who spent most of his career at the California Instit...

American 20TH Century Historical Seismology

9.31 Excellent

7

John Ostrom

John Ostrom (1928–2005) was an American paleontologist whose work fundamentally altered modern paleontology and evolutio...

American 20TH Century Historical Theropods

9.25 Excellent

8

Harlen Bretz

Harlen Bretz was an American geologist whose fieldwork in the early 20th century led to a radical theory about the forma...

American 20TH Century Historical Geomorphology

9.25 Excellent

9

Don Anderson

Don L. Anderson was an American geophysicist and seismologist who served as a professor at the California Institute of T...

American 20TH Century Historical Geophysics

9.22 Excellent

10

Adam Dziewonski

Adam Dziewonski (1936–2016) was a Polish-American seismologist who made fundamental contributions to the understanding o...

20TH Century Historical Seismology Polish American

9.15 Excellent

11

Maurice Ewing

Maurice Ewing was an American geophysicist and oceanographer who founded the Lamont Geological Observatory at Columbia U...

American 20TH Century Historical Geophysics

9.12 Excellent

12

Motonori Matuyama

Motonori Matuyama (1884–1958) was a Japanese geophysicist and professor at Kyoto University whose research provided earl...

Japanese 20TH Century Historical Paleomagnetism

9.10 Excellent

13

John Imbrie

John Imbrie was an American paleoceanographer who significantly advanced the understanding of Earth's climate history. H...

American 20TH Century Historical Paleoclimatology

9.08 Excellent

14

Pentti Eskola

Pentti Eskola (1883–1964) was a Finnish geologist and professor at the University of Helsinki. He introduced the concept...

20TH Century Historical Finnish Metamorphic Petrology

9.06 Excellent

15

Walter Elsasser

Walter M. Elsasser (1904–1991) was a German-born physicist who made foundational contributions to geophysics through his...

20TH Century Historical Geophysics German American

9.05 Excellent

16

Alexander du Toit

Alexander du Toit (1878–1948) was a prominent South African geologist recognized for his significant contributions to th...

20TH Century Historical South African Tectonics

9.03 Excellent

17

Lawrence Morley

Lawrence Morley was a Canadian geophysicist whose 1963 research on marine magnetic anomalies provided foundational evide...

Canadian 20TH Century Historical Seafloor Spreading

9.01 Excellent

18

Francis Birch

American geophysicist (1903–1992) who applied high-pressure mineral physics to Earth's interior, proposing that the inne...

American 20TH Century Historical High Pressure

8.95 Great

19

Ian Carmichael

Ian Carmichael (1930–2006) was a prominent British-American petrologist who spent his academic career at the University...

20TH Century Historical British American Igneous Petrology

8.10 Great

20

Alexander McBirney

Alexander McBirney was an American volcanologist and geologist affiliated with the University of Oregon. He conducted ex...

American 20TH Century Historical Igneous Petrology

7.70 Good