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Black Swallowtail

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description Black Swallowtail Overview

The black swallowtail is a common butterfly species native to North America, ranging from southern Canada to northern South America. Adults possess predominantly black wings accented with distinct yellow markings and an orange eyespot near the tail. Females exhibit sexual dimorphism, often displaying less prominent yellow banding than males. Their larvae, commonly known as parsley worms, rely on host plants in the carrot family, including dill, fennel, and Queen Anne's lace.

help Black Swallowtail FAQ

What plants do Black Swallowtail caterpillars eat?

Their host plants belong mainly to the carrot family and include parsley, dill, fennel, Queen Anne's lace, and cultivated carrots. Gardeners often first notice the striped caterpillars feeding openly on these herbs.

How can I tell a female Black Swallowtail from a male?

Males usually display a prominent band of yellow spots across the wings. Females tend to show more blue scaling on the hindwings and reduced yellow markings.

Is a Black Swallowtail caterpillar poisonous to touch?

The caterpillar is not considered dangerous to handle, but unnecessary handling can injure it. When threatened, it extends an orange, forked scent organ called an osmeterium that produces a strong odor.

How is a Black Swallowtail different from a Pipevine Swallowtail?

Black Swallowtails have two rows of orange spots beneath the hindwing and typically show a small dark center in the large orange spot near each tail. Pipevine Swallowtails are more uniformly iridescent blue-black and lack the same yellow band seen on male Black Swallowtails.

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