description Carneades Overview
Carneades was a Greek philosopher of the second century BCE and a leading figure in the skeptical phase of Plato's Academy at Athens. He left no known writings, and his arguments are preserved mainly through later authors, especially Cicero and Sextus Empiricus. Carneades challenged claims to certain knowledge, developed an account of persuasive or probable impressions for practical judgment, and became famous for presenting opposing arguments about justice during an embassy to Rome.
help Carneades FAQ
Why did Carneades argue both for and against justice in Rome?
During an Athenian embassy to Rome in 155 BCE, Carneades reportedly delivered opposing speeches about justice. The performance demonstrated the Academic Skeptic practice of testing claims by constructing powerful arguments on both sides.
Did Carneades believe that knowledge was impossible?
He argued against the Stoic claim that certain impressions could guarantee truth. Rather than requiring certainty for action, he allowed people to follow impressions that appeared persuasive or plausible.
Did Carneades write any philosophical books?
No writings by Carneades are known to survive, and ancient reports suggest that he wrote none. His arguments are reconstructed mainly through later authors, especially Cicero, Sextus Empiricus, and accounts connected with his student Clitomachus.
What school of philosophy did Carneades lead?
Carneades became head of Plato's Academy in Athens during its skeptical period. He challenged Stoic thinkers such as Chrysippus on knowledge, theology, fate, and moral reasoning.
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