China QJ Class

The China QJ Class was a massive class of 2-10-2 steam locomotives. This wheel arrangement featured a single guiding axle in the front, ten massive driving wheels in the center, and a trailing axle at the rear. This configuration was ideal for hauling heavy freight over mountainous terrain.

Production of the QJ Class began in 1956 at the Datong locomotive factory in China. Manufacturing of these impressive steam engines continued for over three decades, finally concluding in 1988. They were the last mainline steam locomotives produced on a large scale in the world.

The QJ became the primary mainline freight steam locomotive in China for decades. They were noted for their large size, robust construction, and ability to pull heavy loads. Despite being phased out by diesel and electric engines, they remained in service on some industrial lines well into the early 21st century.

While most QJ Class locomotives were scrapped, a number of them were preserved in museums and by heritage railways globally. Several were exported to the United States and the United Kingdom for tourist railroads and private collectors. A notable example, QJ 6988, was even modified to run on heavy oil and operated in the US.