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LNER A4 Class (Mallard)

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description LNER A4 Class (Mallard) Overview

Nigel Gresley's A4 class brought streamlined styling to high-speed passenger steam locomotives on the London and North Eastern Railway. Introduced in 1935, these 4-6-2 Pacifics were associated with express services including the Silver Jubilee. Their wedge-shaped casing reduced air resistance at speed, giving the class a recognizable profile that reflected its intended work rather than decoration alone. The best-known example, No.

4468 Mallard, set the officially recognized world speed record for steam locomotives at 126 mph in 1938. That achievement belongs to a particular locomotive and record run, while the wider class represents the railway's approach to fast express service. The A4 appeals to people interested in British passenger rail history and the relationship between engineering and industrial design. Mallard's record adds a specific historical distinction to a class already notable for its streamlined appearance.

help LNER A4 Class (Mallard) FAQ

What is the world speed record held by the LNER A4 Mallard?

The Mallard set the official world speed record for steam locomotives on July 3, 1938, reaching 126 miles per hour. Designed by Sir Nigel Gresley, the record was achieved on a slight downward grade near Grantham.

Who designed the LNER A4 Class locomotives?

The A4 Class was designed by Sir Nigel Gresley, the Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER). Introduced in 1935, their streamlined design was originally intended to reduce smoke drift at high speeds.

Why were the LNER A4 locomotives streamlined?

The streamlined casing was introduced to enhance the high-speed passenger services on the LNER, such as the "Silver Jubilee" train. While it provided some aerodynamic benefit, the primary practical reason was to deflect smoke away from the driver's line of sight at high speeds.

How many LNER A4 Class locomotives were built?

A total of 35 A4 Class locomotives were built for the LNER between 1935 and 1938. Several of them, including the Mallard and Union of South Africa, have survived into preservation.

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