description Citrus Swallowtail Overview
The citrus swallowtail, Papilio demodocus, is a widespread African butterfly in the family Papilionidae, also occurring in Madagascar and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. Adults have black wings patterned with yellow bands and spots, while the larvae feed on citrus and other plants in the rue family. Because caterpillars may defoliate young citrus plants, the species is monitored by growers as an agricultural pest, although it is also a familiar garden butterfly.
help Citrus Swallowtail FAQ
Where can I find the Citrus Swallowtail?
Papilio demodocus is widespread across Africa and also occurs in Madagascar and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. Its black wings with yellow bands and spots make it a recognizable member of the swallowtail family Papilionidae.
Do Citrus Swallowtail caterpillars eat citrus trees?
Yes, the larvae feed on citrus and other plants in the rue family, Rutaceae. A citrus tree can therefore be a host plant, but the butterfly is not restricted to one commercial citrus species.
How do I tell an adult Citrus Swallowtail from a black-and-yellow moth?
The Citrus Swallowtail is a butterfly with the clubbed antennae typical of Papilionidae, plus black wings patterned with yellow bands and spots. The scientific name Papilio demodocus is more reliable than color alone when other swallowtails share the same pattern.
What is special about the Citrus Swallowtail's caterpillar?
When threatened, the caterpillar can evert an osmeterium, a forked gland behind the head that releases a strong odor. Papilio demodocus larvae use this defense while feeding on citrus and other Rutaceae plants.
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