Hydrofoil Surfing

A hydrofoil surfboard has a mast beneath the board and underwater front and rear wings. As the foil gains speed, the wings generate lift and raise the board above the surface.

Tow-in foiling developed before the self-powered foil surfing that became widely visible in the 2010s. Riders first used boats or jet skis to reach foil speed, while later boards used waves, pumps, and wind power.

The underwater wings create lift as water flows over them, much like an aircraft wing creates lift through air. Once the board rises, reduced contact with chop lets the rider glide more smoothly and maintain speed.

It adds a separate balance challenge because the rider controls a board lifted on a submerged mast and wing. Beginners usually need careful instruction and shallow-water awareness because falling onto the foil can be dangerous.