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Soyuz-TM

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description Soyuz-TM Overview

Soyuz-TM is a crewed spacecraft developed by the Soviet Union as an upgrade to the earlier Soyuz-T model. Introduced in 1986, it featured improved propulsion systems and an automated rendezvous and docking system called Kurs. The spacecraft served as the primary transportation method for cosmonauts traveling to and from the Mir space station for a decade. It was subsequently replaced by the Soyuz-TMA variant for International Space Station operations.

help Soyuz-TM FAQ

What did the TM designation mean in Soyuz-TM?

Soyuz-TM was the modified transport version of the Soyuz family developed for Mir operations. It succeeded Soyuz-T and incorporated updated rendezvous, docking, propulsion, and communications equipment.

How did Soyuz-TM dock with Mir?

Soyuz-TM used the Kurs automatic rendezvous and docking system instead of relying solely on the older Igla system. Kurs allowed the spacecraft to approach Mir with less need for the station to perform matching orientation maneuvers.

Which mission first tested Soyuz-TM?

The uncrewed Soyuz TM-1 flew in 1986 and docked with Mir. Crewed Soyuz-TM flights subsequently became the station's regular means of transporting expedition crews.

Did Soyuz-TM ever fly to the International Space Station?

Yes, the final missions of the series operated during the transition from Mir to the International Space Station. Soyuz TM-34 flew to the ISS in 2002 before the Soyuz-TMA generation took over.

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