description Soyuz-TMA Overview
Russian crewed spacecraft introduced in 2002, modified to accommodate taller crew members and serving as the primary International Space Station transport.
insights Why this score
Soyuz-TMA ranks #37 of 101 in the Spacecraft ranking, behind Vanguard 1, ahead of Soyuz-MS.
Dependable ISS transport adapted for broader crew range, respected for safety and continuity.
help Soyuz-TMA FAQ
Why was the Soyuz-TMA spacecraft introduced?
The Soyuz-TMA was introduced in 2002 as a modification of the earlier Soyuz-TM to accommodate taller and heavier crew members. It also featured improved digital control panels and better landing shock absorption.
How many people can the Soyuz-TMA carry?
Like other Soyuz variants, the Soyuz-TMA is designed to carry a crew of exactly three astronauts or cosmonauts into orbit. It consists of three main modules: the orbital module, the descent module, and the service module.
Did the Soyuz-TMA serve the International Space Station?
Yes, following the retirement of the Space Shuttle fleet in 2011, the Soyuz-TMA became the sole means of transport for crew traveling to and from the International Space Station for nearly a decade. It served in this primary transport role until it was eventually succeeded by the Soyuz-MS.
What does the "TMA" in Soyuz-TMA stand for?
The acronym TMA stands for "Transportnyi Modifitsirovannyi Antropometrichesky," which roughly translates to "Transport Modified Anthropometric." This refers specifically to the cabin changes made to allow larger individuals to safely fit inside the capsule.
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