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GPS Block IIIA SV01, also known as "Vespucci," is the first satellite of the United States' modernized Global Positioning System Block III generation. Manufactured by Lockheed Martin and launched in 2018, it operates in medium Earth orbit under the management of the U.S. Space Force. The satellite i...

GPS Block IIF is a generation of Global Positioning System satellites manufactured by Boeing for the United States Air Force, with launches occurring between 2010 and 2016. Operating in medium Earth orbit, these twelve satellites serve as a bridge connecting the earlier Block IIR-M series to the mod...

GPS Block IIR-M (Modernized) satellites are upgraded versions of the Block IIR GPS navigation satellites built by Lockheed Martin, launched for the US Air Force between 2005 and 2009. Eight Block IIR-M satellites were deployed from Cape Canaveral aboard Delta II rockets. These satellites introduced...

Galileo IOV PFM (In-Orbit Validation Proto-Flight Model) was the first operational satellite in Europe's Galileo global navigation satellite system. Launched in October 2011, it was deployed alongside the IOV FM2 satellite to begin validating the system's navigation payload and signal performance. D...

GLONASS-K1 is the third generation of Russia's global navigation satellite system, first launched in 2011. Developed by ISS Reshetnev, it represents a significant design shift from previous models by utilizing an unpressurized spacecraft bus, which substantially reduces its overall mass. Operating i...

GLONASS-M is the second-generation modernized variant of Russia's GLONASS navigation satellites, introduced from 2003 onward, adding a second civil frequency and extending operational lifespan to seven years.

Galileo FOC FM01 was the first Full Operational Capability satellite of Europe's Galileo navigation system, launched in 2014 by ESA as part of the constellation's expansion toward global service.