swap_horiz Onora O'Neill Alternatives

1

John Rawls

John Rawls was an American political philosopher whose A Theory of Justice (1971) made justice as fairness central to mo...

American Politics Justice Liberalism

9.4 Excellent

2

John Stuart Mill

John Stuart Mill was an English philosopher whose 1859 On Liberty defended individual freedom and whose utilitarianism s...

Ethics British Liberty Utilitarianism

9.3 Excellent

3

Bertrand Russell

Bertrand Russell was a British philosopher and logician who co-wrote Principia Mathematica and won the 1950 Nobel Prize...

Language Logic British Analytic

9.3 Excellent

4

Epicurus

Epicurus was a Greek philosopher who founded the Garden in Athens in 306 BCE and made pleasure, friendship, and freedom...

Ethics Ancient Greek Epicureanism

9.2 Excellent

5

Mencius

Mencius was a Chinese Confucian philosopher of the 4th century BCE who argued that human nature is good and shaped later...

Ethics Ancient Chinese Confucianism

9.1 Excellent

6

Soren Kierkegaard

Soren Kierkegaard was a Danish philosopher and theologian whose 1843 Either/Or explored choice, anxiety, faith, and the...

Danish Ethics Existentialism Religion

9.1 Excellent

7

Derek Parfit

Derek Parfit was a British philosopher noted for Reasons and Persons (1984), which reshaped debates on identity, rationa...

Ethics Identity British Reasons

9.1 Excellent

8

Epictetus

Epictetus was a Greek Stoic philosopher, formerly enslaved, whose Discourses and Enchiridion teach control over judgment...

Ethics Ancient Roman Stoicism

8.9 Great

9

Marcus Aurelius

Marcus Aurelius was Roman emperor from 161 to 180 CE and a Stoic philosopher whose Meditations records private ethical r...

Ethics Ancient Roman Stoicism

8.9 Great

10

Bernard Williams

Bernard Williams was a British moral philosopher known for Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy (1985) and critiques of u...

Politics Ethics British Moral Psychology

8.9 Great

11

Zeno of Citium

Zeno of Citium was a Cypriot philosopher who founded Stoicism in Athens around 300 BCE, teaching virtue in accord with n...

Ethics Ancient Greek Stoicism

8.8 Great

12

Martha Nussbaum

Martha Nussbaum is an American philosopher noted for the capabilities approach, developed with Amartya Sen, and for work...

American Politics Ethics Capabilities

8.7 Great

13

Jeremy Bentham

Jeremy Bentham was an English philosopher who founded classical utilitarianism and promoted legal reform through the gre...

Law Ethics British Utilitarianism

8.6 Great

14

Elizabeth Anscombe

Elizabeth Anscombe was a British philosopher whose Intention (1957) transformed action theory and whose work helped revi...

Action Ethics British Analytic

8.5 Great

15

G. E. Moore

G. E. Moore was a British analytic philosopher whose 1903 Principia Ethica challenged naturalistic ethics and defended c...

Ethics British Analytic Common Sense

8.2 Great

16

Philippa Foot

Philippa Foot was a British philosopher central to virtue ethics, known for natural goodness theory and for introducing...

Ethics British Naturalism Virtue

8.1 Great

17

Christine Korsgaard

Christine Korsgaard is an American Kantian philosopher, notable for The Sources of Normativity (1996) and work on moral...

American Agency Ethics Kantianism

8.1 Great

18

Iris Murdoch

Iris Murdoch was an Irish-born British philosopher and novelist, noted for The Sovereignty of Good (1970) and moral atte...

Literature Ethics British Platonism

7.8 Good

19

Mary Midgley

Mary Midgley was a British philosopher noted for Beast and Man (1978), criticizing reductionism and linking ethics with...

Science Ethics British Animals

7.4 Good

20

Harriet Taylor Mill

Harriet Taylor Mill was an English philosopher and women's rights advocate who influenced John Stuart Mill and co-wrote...

Ethics Feminism British Liberty

7.1 Good