description Kingdom of Phrygia Overview
The Kingdom of Phrygia was an ancient Iron Age kingdom centered in the west-central Anatolian plateau, with its capital at Gordium. It flourished particularly in the 8th and early 7th centuries BC, under rulers associated with the legendary King Midas. The Phrygians developed a distinctive material culture, language of Indo-European origin, and artistic traditions. The kingdom declined following Cimmerian invasions in the late 7th century BC and eventually came under Lydian, then Persian, control.
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Where was the Kingdom of Phrygia located?
Phrygia was centered on the west-central Anatolian plateau in what is now Turkey. Its capital was Gordium, an important settlement near the Sakarya River region.
When did Phrygia become powerful?
Phrygia was especially influential during the 8th and early 7th centuries BC. Its history is connected with rulers called Midas, although the legendary golden-touch stories are not straightforward historical records.
What was Gordium known for?
Gordium was the political center of Phrygia and is associated with the famous Gordian Knot tradition. Archaeological excavations have also identified large burial mounds, including the monument known as the Midas Mound.
What happened to the Phrygian kingdom?
Phrygian power declined after attacks commonly associated with the Cimmerians in the early 7th century BC. Later Anatolian powers, including Lydia and Persia, controlled the region.
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