Best Sahel

The Kingdom of Ghana flourished between the 8th and 13th centuries in the Sahel region of present-day Mali and Mauritania. It was a powerful empire centered on gold and salt trade routes, facilitated by the Soninke people. Al-Bakri’s accounts detail its sophisticated governance and wealth. The kingd...

The Kanem-Bornu Kingdom flourished in the Sahel region of Africa centered around Lake Chad. This powerful empire, existing from approximately the 8th to 19th centuries, controlled extensive trade networks and was ruled by the Sayfawa dynasty. Its influence extended across present-day Nigeria, Niger,...

The Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands in northeastern Nigeria are a Ramsar-listed floodplain system that supports millions of Palearctic migratory waterbirds and provides livelihoods for several hundred thousand people through flood-recession agriculture.

The Kanem-Bornu Empire was a historical African state centered around the Lake Chad basin. Existing in various forms from roughly the 8th to the 19th century, it was governed by the Sayfawa dynasty and became a dominant political and military force in the central Sahel. The empire's wealth was large...

The Kingdom of Bornu was a major African state that emerged as the western successor to the Kanem Empire around the Lake Chad region. Centered in what is now northeastern Nigeria, it extended into Chad, Cameroon, and Niger. Bornu established its capital at Ngazargamu and became a powerful trading st...

The Kingdom of Kanem was a major African state centered northeast of Lake Chad that existed from approximately 700 to 1380 CE. Founded by the Zaghawa people and later ruled by the Sefuwa dynasty, the kingdom developed sophisticated political institutions with rulers titled "mai" and controlled impor...

The Waza-Logone Floodplain in northern Cameroon and Chad is a seasonally inundated system whose hydrology was severely disrupted by dam construction in the 1970s–80s, prompting internationally supported restoration efforts in the 1990s.

Anacridium melanorhodon, commonly known as the Sahelian tree locust, is a species of grasshopper belonging to the family Acrididae. It is native to the Sahel region of Africa, as well as parts of the Middle East and southwestern Asia. The insect is typically arboreal, feeding on the leaves and branc...

The Lake Chad flooded savanna is a Central African wetland ecoregion in Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria, fed mainly by the Chari-Logone rivers.

Sahelian Acacia savanna is the semi-arid belt between the Sahara and Sudanian savannas, stretching about 5,900 km from the Atlantic to the Red Sea.

South Saharan steppe and woodlands is a 1,101,700 sq km belt from Mauritania to Sudan, forming the transition between the Sahara and Sahel.

Hieroglyphus daganensis is a Sahelian rice grasshopper described by Krauss in 1877, notable as a crop pest in Mali, Niger, and Senegal.

Bagirmi was a kingdom in present-day Chad, founded around the 16th century, with Massenya as its capital and Islamized rulers.

Chrotogonus senegalensis is a pyrgomorph grasshopper described by Krauss in 1877, found in the African Sahel and Central Africa, including Mali.

A large lake in northwestern Mali near Timbuktu that has largely dried up since the 1980s due to prolonged Sahelian drought and reduced Niger River flooding.

Oedaleus nigeriensis is a Nigerian band-winged grasshopper described by Uvarov in 1926, listed among the Sahel-associated species of Oedaleus.

Ochrilidia gracilis is a notably slender gomphocerin grasshopper distributed across North Africa and the Middle East, distinguished within its genus by its particularly elongated body.

Considered one of the smallest woodpeckers in the world, this Sahel-region species is uniquely adapted to the arid scrublands of West Africa rather than dense forest environments.