description Kazakhstan Overview
Kazakhstan is the world's largest landlocked country and the ninth-largest country overall, spanning Central Asia and a small part of Eastern Europe west of the Ural River. Independent of the Soviet Union in 1991, it moved its capital to Astana, while Almaty remains the largest city. Its vast steppe and desert terrain hosts the Baikonur Cosmodrome, leased to Russia and still the launch site for crewed spaceflights, including Yuri Gagarin's in 1961. Oil from Caspian Sea fields such as Tengiz underpins the economy.
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