Abu Simbel Temples

The temples were constructed by Pharaoh Ramesses II in the 13th century BC. They were built to commemorate his victory at the Battle of Kadesh and to intimidate neighboring Nubian rivals.

The temples were entirely relocated in the 1960s to save them from the rising waters of Lake Nasser, which was created by the construction of the Aswan High Dam. An international campaign led by UNESCO successfully moved the massive structures to higher ground.

Twice a year, historically in February and October, the sun aligns perfectly to illuminate the inner sanctuary of the Great Temple. The rays hit three of the four seated statues, leaving the god of the underworld, Ptah, in shadow.

The rock-cut temples are located in southern Egypt, near the modern border with Sudan. They sit on the western bank of Lake Nasser.