description Ustilago maydis Overview
Ustilago maydis is a pathogenic fungus that infects maize plants, causing a disease commonly known as corn smut. The infection triggers the formation of large, tumor-like galls on the ears, leaves, and tassels of the corn, which are filled with dark fungal spores. While considered an agricultural pest in the United States, the fungus is intentionally cultivated in Mexico, where the galls are known as huitlacoche and consumed as a culinary delicacy. This ingredient has been eaten since pre-Columbian times and is used in various traditional Mexican dishes like quesadillas and soups.
help Ustilago maydis FAQ
What disease does Ustilago maydis cause?
Ustilago maydis causes corn smut, a fungal disease of maize. Infection produces swollen, tumor-like galls on ears, leaves, and tassels that eventually fill with dark spores.
What is huitlacoche?
Huitlacoche is the edible culinary name commonly used in Mexico for corn infected by Ustilago maydis. It is harvested while the galls are still young and used in foods such as quesadillas and soups.
Where do the dark spores of Ustilago maydis form?
The spores develop inside the enlarged galls created by the infection. When the galls mature, they become dark and powdery as the fungal spores are released.
Does Ustilago maydis infect plants other than maize?
Its best-known and economically important host is maize, including corn and related grasses. The disease changes plant tissue into conspicuous galls rather than simply producing a flat leaf spot.
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