description Mapungubwe Hill Overview
Mapungubwe Hill is a sandstone landform in Limpopo Province, South Africa, within the Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape. It was the elite center of the Kingdom of Mapungubwe during the 13th century, with archaeological evidence of social hierarchy, regional farming communities and long-distance trade through the Indian Ocean network. The wider landscape is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is studied for the development of complex states in southern Africa.
help Mapungubwe Hill FAQ
Where is Mapungubwe Hill located?
Mapungubwe Hill is a sandstone landform located in the Limpopo Province of South Africa. It sits within the Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape, which is a recognized UNESCO World Heritage site.
Why is Mapungubwe Hill historically significant?
The hill served as the elite center of the Kingdom of Mapungubwe during the 13th century. Archaeological evidence found at the site reveals a complex, class-based society and extensive regional trading networks.
Who lived on top of Mapungubwe Hill?
Archaeological evidence indicates that only the royalty and elite members of the Kingdom of Mapungubwe lived on top of the hill. The commoners and farming communities resided in the surrounding valleys and at the base of the formation.
What artifacts were found at Mapungubwe Hill?
Archaeologists have uncovered numerous artifacts indicating vast wealth and social hierarchy, including glass beads from Asia and a famous golden rhinoceros figurine. These findings proved that the kingdom was deeply connected to the Indian Ocean trade network.
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