swap_horiz William Cross Alternatives

1

Lev Vygotsky

Lev Vygotsky was a Russian psychologist whose work significantly shaped our understanding of learning. He emphasized the...

Russian Education Social Learning Historical

9.2 Excellent

2

Aaron Beck

Aaron Beck (1921-2021) was an American clinical psychologist renowned for pioneering cognitive therapy. His work focused...

American Clinical Cognitive Cbt

9.2 Excellent

3

Mary Ainsworth

Mary Ainsworth (1913–1999) was an American-Canadian developmental psychologist who developed the Strange Situation proce...

American Historical Infant Developmental

9.0 Excellent

4

Jerome Bruner

Jerome Bruner was an American psychologist whose work helped establish cognitive psychology as an alternative to behavio...

American Education Historical Cognitive

8.9 Great

5

Michael Tomasello

Michael Tomasello is an American developmental and comparative psychologist whose research examines social cognition, co...

American Culture Developmental Primate

8.7 Great

6

Diana Baumrind

Diana Baumrind was an American developmental psychologist known for research on parenting and child development. Her obs...

American Historical Parenting Developmental

8.4 Great

7

Laurence Steinberg

Laurence Steinberg is an American developmental psychologist and professor at Temple University whose research focuses o...

American Parenting Developmental Adolescence

8.3 Great

8

Jerome Kagan

Jerome Kagan was an American developmental psychologist, born in 1929 and deceased in 2021, whose career was closely ass...

American Child Historical Developmental

8.2 Great

9

Harry Harlow

Harry Harlow (1905-1981) was an American psychologist known for research on attachment and social development using rhes...

American Historical Developmental Attachment

8.1 Great

10

Andrew Meltzoff

Andrew N. Meltzoff is an American developmental psychologist associated with the University of Washington and research o...

American Infant Developmental Mirror

8.1 Great

11

Lawrence Kohlberg

Lawrence Kohlberg was an American psychologist known for his stage theory of moral development, which extended Jean Piag...

American Moral Historical Developmental

8.0 Great

12

Carol Gilligan

Carol Gilligan is an American psychologist whose work examines moral development, relationships, and the place of gender...

American Moral Feminist Developmental

7.8 Good

13

James Marcia

James Marcia is a Canadian developmental psychologist known for extending Erik Erikson's theory of identity formation in...

American Identity Developmental Adolescence

7.8 Good

14

Janet Helms

Janet E. Helms is an American counseling psychologist whose scholarship has shaped the study of racial identity and mult...

American Multicultural Racial Identity Counseling

7.7 Good

15

Howard Gardner

Howard Gardner is an American developmental psychologist and professor associated with the Harvard Graduate School of Ed...

American Education Developmental Intelligence

7.6 Good

16

Robert Kegan

Robert Kegan is an American developmental psychologist associated with the Harvard Graduate School of Education. His con...

American Adult Developmental Meaning

7.6 Good

17

Jane Loevinger

Jane Loevinger (1918–2008) was an American developmental psychologist who developed a comprehensive, sequential model of...

American Historical Developmental Personality

7.5 Good

18

Beverly Daniel Tatum

Beverly Daniel Tatum is an American psychologist, educator, and author who served as the ninth president of Spelman Coll...

Diversity American Education Developmental

7.4 Good

19

Judith Rich Harris

Judith Rich Harris was an American psychology researcher and author renowned for her influential theories on child devel...

American Historical Developmental Peer Groups

7.3 Good

20

Daniel Levinson

Daniel J. Levinson (1920-1994) was an American psychologist whose research helped establish adult development as a major...

American Historical Adult Developmental

6.9 Fair