Best Fumarole

The Mendeleev fumaroles are geothermal gas vents on Kunashir Island in Russia's Kuril Islands. They are associated with Mendeleev Volcano, a complex stratovolcano that has extensive geothermal activity and fields of fumaroles. The vents release volcanic gases from the heated subsurface system and fo...

The Lokon-Empung fumaroles are gas vents associated with the Lokon-Empung volcanic complex in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The twin-volcano system has a crater area marked by geothermal activity and has produced explosive eruptions, including a significant eruption in 2011. The fumaroles indicate the...

The San Pedro fumaroles are persistent gas vents located on Volcán San Pedro, a massive Holocene stratovolcano in Chile's Antofagasta Region that erupted in 1960.

Located in central Chile, the Tatara-San Pedro fumaroles are active volcanic gas vents that continuously emit sulfur and steam from the slopes of a historically active compound volcano.

The Descabezado Grande fumaroles are volcanic gas vents in central Chile, notable for emitting sulfur from a massive stratovolcano that experienced significant 20th-century eruptions.

Straddling the border between Colombia and Ecuador, the Chiles-Cerro Negro fumaroles are active geothermal vents associated with intense seismic swarms and ongoing magmatic unrest.

Rokatenda fumaroles in Indonesia vent sulfur gases from a stratovolcano on the island of Palu that produced fatal pyroclastic surges during a notable 2013 eruption.

Antisana fumaroles refer to hydrothermal emissions around Ecuador's Antisana, a 5,753 m glaciated volcano last active in 1801-1802.

Mutnaya Bay fumaroles are shallow submarine and coastal geothermal vents located in the Russian Far East, notable for emitting volcanic gases directly into the sea.

Lewotobi is a volcanic complex on Flores, Indonesia, consisting of two adjacent peaks known as Lewotobi Lakilaki and Lewotobi Perempuan. Fumaroles are openings around the complex that release steam and volcanic gases produced by heat beneath the surface. The names are often translated as male and fe...

Located on the northern arm of Sulawesi, Indonesia, the Soputan fumaroles are associated with one of the most active volcanoes in the country, frequently producing ash plumes.

Putana fumaroles are summit gas vents on the Chile-Bolivia border volcano, notable for a persistent 100-500 m plume and mined sulfur deposits.

These fumaroles are located on Zhupanovsky, a volcanic massif in eastern Kamchatka, Russia, which consists of four overlapping stratovolcanic cones and frequently emits gas.

Located on a small Indonesian island, the Sangeang Api fumaroles are active vents on a stratovolcano known for frequent explosive activity, including a significant eruption in 2014.

The Paluweh fumaroles are volcanic gas vents on Paluweh, an Indonesian island volcano in the Flores Sea. They occur within the crater area associated with a lava dome and release hot gases produced by the volcano's active magmatic system. Paluweh became widely known after an eruption in August 2013...

Karangetang fumaroles are steam and gas vents associated with Mount Karangetang, also called Api Siau, an active stratovolcano on Siau Island in Indonesia's Sangihe Islands. They form part of the volcano's persistent activity and release water vapor and volcanic gases through openings or cracks in t...

Hornopirén fumaroles are surface vents that release steam and volcanic gases from the Hornopirén volcanic system in the Los Lagos Region of southern Chile. Hornopirén is a forested stratovolcano associated with the volcanic Andes and lies within the area of Hornopirén National Park. The fumaroles ar...

Lautaro fumaroles are persistent gas-emitting vents at Lautaro Volcano in the Southern Patagonian Ice Field of Chile. Lautaro is a remote, glacier-covered stratovolcano; steam and volcanic gases have been observed near its summit crater. Because the mountain is isolated and heavily glaciated, its fu...

Irruputuncu fumaroles are volcanic gas and steam vents associated with the southern summit crater of Irruputuncu, a small active stratovolcano on the Chile-Bolivia border. The volcano lies in the central Andes, and its fumarolic activity produces visible steam and sulfur deposits. The feature is of...

Socompa fumaroles are volcanic gas vents associated with Volcán Socompa, a dacitic composite stratovolcano on the Chile-Argentina border in the Central Andes. The volcano rises to about 6,031 m and has a broad collapse scar and debris-avalanche deposit formed when part of the edifice failed; young l...

Tata Sabaya summit fumaroles refer to reported gas-emission vents at the summit of Tata Sabaya, a composite stratovolcano in Bolivia's Altiplano. Tata Sabaya reaches about 5,430 m and stands north of the Salar de Coipasa; geological studies describe a large late-Pleistocene sector collapse whose deb...

Yate fumaroles refer to reported volcanic gas emissions associated with Volcán Yate in Chile's Los Lagos Region. Yate is a glaciated, basaltic-andesite stratovolcano in the southern Andes, south of the Reloncaví Estuary and northeast of Hornopirén; it reaches about 2,187 m. Chilean geological inform...

Ruang fumaroles are volcanic gas vents associated with Mount Ruang, an active stratovolcano in Indonesia's Sangihe Islands in North Sulawesi. Fumaroles release steam and other gases from heated rock and volcanic fluids, so their activity forms part of the monitoring of the volcano's unrest. Explosiv...

Michinmahuida fumaroles are volcanic gas vents associated with Volcán Michinmahuida in the Los Lagos Region of southern Chile. The volcano lies west of Lago Reñihue near Chaitén and is a glacier-covered basaltic-to-andesitic stratovolcano with a saddle-shaped summit and an elongated, ice-filled cald...

Isluga fumaroles are persistent volcanic gas vents on Volcán Isluga, a stratovolcano in the Central Andes of northern Chile. The vents are concentrated in the active crater, with two major fumaroles on the southern flank below the crater rim, and they produce a plume that can rise several hundred me...

Kanaga fumaroles are gas and steam vents in and around the summit crater of Kanaga Volcano on Kanaga Island in Alaska's western Aleutian Islands. The volcano is a 1,307 m andesitic stratovolcano with a roughly 200 m wide summit crater, and the Alaska Volcano Observatory records several active fumaro...

Reclus fumaroles refer to gas vents associated with Reclus, a remote Chilean volcanic center in the Southern Patagonian Ice Field. Reclus is a composite volcano or pyroclastic cone in the Austral Andean Volcanic Arc; the Amalia Glacier flows around its northern flank, and the Global Volcanism Progra...

Monte Burney fumaroles are volcanic gas vents associated with Monte Burney in southern Chile's Austral Volcanic Zone. Monte Burney is a composite volcano with a small summit crater and a steep northern wall, and the Global Volcanism Program records a confirmed explosive eruption in 1910, its last kn...

Macá fumaroles are gas vents associated with Macá, a glacier-covered stratovolcano in Chilean Patagonia. The volcano rises to about 2,960 m northwest of Puerto Aisén, lies within a caldera, and has a summit lava dome plus flank cinder cones and lava domes along a northeast-trending fissure. Its volc...

Cay fumaroles are gas vents associated with Cay, a stratovolcano in Chile's Southern Andes near Macá and northwest of Puerto Aisén. The Global Volcanism Program describes Cay as a basaltic to dacitic composite volcano with an east-facing explosion crater, several smaller explosion craters, and pyroc...