Best Phreatomagmatic
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Pinnacle Rock is an eroded remnant of a volcanic tuff cone on Bartolome Island in Ecuador's Galapagos archipelago. Its steep, pointed form was created by erosion of compacted volcanic ash produced through explosive interaction between magma and water. The formation rises beside a narrow beach and is...
Molokini is a crescent-shaped volcanic tuff cone islet in the Alalakeiki Channel between Maui and Kahoolawe in Hawaii. Its partly submerged crater shelters coral reefs and is designated as a marine conservation area, making it a destination for snorkeling and scuba diving. The sheltered interior is...
Yongmeori Coast is a volcanic coastal formation on the southwestern side of Jeju Island, South Korea, near Sanbangsan Mountain. Its exposed cliffs consist of layered volcanic deposits produced by explosive interactions between magma and water, then reshaped by prolonged wave erosion. A walking route...
Central Island is a volcanic island in Lake Turkana in northern Kenya. Formed by volcanic cones and craters within the East African Rift system, it contains three principal crater lakes commonly known as Crocodile Lake, Flamingo Lake, and Tilapia Lake. The island is protected as Central Island Natio...
Kavachi is an active submarine volcano in the Solomon Islands, southwest of Vangunu Island in the western Pacific Ocean. Its shallow eruptions commonly involve explosive interaction between magma and seawater, sometimes producing temporary islands or cones that are subsequently eroded below sea leve...
A small tuff cone islet rising 206 feet off northeastern Oahu, Hawaii, protected as a state seabird sanctuary within Kāneʻohe Bay.
Panum Crater is a rhyolitic volcanic feature near the southern shore of Mono Lake in eastern California. It consists of a tuff ring surrounding a central lava dome and formed through explosive interaction between rising magma and groundwater, followed by the extrusion of viscous rhyolite. As part of...
Koko Crater is a volcanic tuff cone on the southeastern side of Oahu, Hawaii, within the Honolulu Volcanics. It was produced by explosive interactions involving magma and water, which accumulated fragmented volcanic material around a broad crater. The sheltered interior contains the Koko Crater Bota...
Bogoslof Island is an active volcanic island in Alaska's Aleutian chain, rising from a largely submarine volcano in the Bering Sea. Explosive eruptions involving seawater, ash, and magma have repeatedly created, removed, and reshaped portions of the island, leaving a coastline that changes markedly...
Ferdinandea, also called Graham Island, is a submerged volcanic feature in the Strait of Sicily between Sicily and Tunisia. An eruption in 1831 built a temporary island of loose volcanic material above sea level, prompting competing names and territorial claims before waves rapidly eroded it beneath...
South Island is a volcanic island in the southern part of Lake Turkana in Kenya. It is protected within South Island National Park, one of the three areas comprising the Lake Turkana National Parks UNESCO World Heritage property. The island lies in the tectonically active East African Rift and inclu...
Ōtuataua is a volcanic cone within the Auckland volcanic field near Ihumātao in New Zealand. It stands in the Ōtuataua Stonefields Historic Reserve, a landscape preserving archaeological evidence of Māori settlement and cultivation in soils modified with volcanic stone. The cone and surrounding ston...
Monte da Guia is a volcanic landform forming the southeastern peninsula of Faial Island in the Azores, Portugal, beside the city of Horta. Its paired coastal craters are partly open to the sea and reflect explosive volcanic activity involving magma and water. The summit area includes the chapel of N...
Kasatochi Island is a small volcanic island in the central Aleutian Islands of Alaska and the exposed summit of a largely submarine stratovolcano. A major eruption in August 2008 generated explosive plumes, pyroclastic deposits, and heavy ashfall that transformed the island's surface and buried much...
Roca Redonda is a small, steep-sided volcanic islet in the Galapagos archipelago of Ecuador, located northwest of Isabela Island. It represents the exposed summit of a largely submerged volcano and is formed from volcanic material, including tuff and lava. The surrounding waters are influenced by nu...
A phreatomagmatic tuff cone in Oahu's Koʻolau Range, Hawaii, whose crater floor holds a small freshwater lake fed by rainwater seepage.
Koko Head, traditionally called Kohelepelepe, is a prominent tuff cone on the southeastern coast of Oahu, Hawaii, formed by explosive interactions between magma and water. It belongs to the Honolulu Volcanics, a group of relatively young volcanic features that also includes nearby Koko Crater and Ha...
Myojin-sho is an active submarine volcano in the Izu-Ogasawara island arc south of Japan, near the Bayonnaise Rocks. Its eruptions have repeatedly produced temporary islands, discolored water, pumice, and explosive activity where magma interacts with seawater. During the 1952 eruption, the Japanese...
A small tuff cone islet off Jeju Island, South Korea, included within the Jeju UNESCO Global Geopark and notable for its basalt column formations.
Nisida is a small volcanic island in the Gulf of Pozzuoli, west of central Naples, within Italy's Campi Flegrei volcanic field. It is the remnant of a partly submerged tuff cone produced by explosive interaction between magma and water, and a narrow connection links it to the mainland near Coroglio....
A transient tuff cone in Tonga that has repeatedly emerged and submerged since its first recorded sighting in 1865, last confirmed above sea level in 1995.
Black Point is a volcanic feature on the northern shore of Mono Lake in eastern California. It formed about 13,000 years ago through explosive interaction between rising magma and lake water when Mono Lake stood substantially higher than it does today, producing a basaltic tuff cone beneath the wate...
Metis Shoal, also known as Late'iki, is an active submarine volcano in the Ha'apai region of Tonga. Eruptions have repeatedly built temporary islands from loose volcanic material, including documented island-forming episodes in 1967, 1979, and 1995, after which wave erosion removed the exposed land....
Ulupau Head is a basaltic tuff cone on the Mokapu Peninsula, Oahu, Hawaii, situated within Marine Corps Base Hawaii and used as a military installation since World War II.
A phreatomagmatic tuff cone in the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand, containing a small crater lake and situated near the suburb of Onehunga.
A small tuff cone islet southwest of Niihau, Hawaii, serving as a U.S. Navy bombing range and a designated wildlife refuge for nesting seabirds.
A tuff cone in Papatoetoe, Auckland, New Zealand, partially quarried for construction aggregate and now protected as part of the Auckland Volcanic Field.
A tuff cone in the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand, largely destroyed by 20th-century quarrying and now partly preserved within a local reserve.
One of the oldest and lowest tuff cones in the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand, heavily quarried through the 20th century and partially preserved near Māngere.
A small tuff cone near Ōtāhuhu in the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand, largely removed by quarrying operations during the 20th century.
